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Shloka 10

Ārjava, Satya, and the Virocana–Sudhanvan Exemplum

Udyoga-parva 35

यदि सन्त॑ सेवति यद्यसन्तं तपस्विनं यदि वा स्तेनमेव । वासो यथा रड्रवशं प्रयाति तथा स तेषां वशमभ्युपैति

yadi santaṁ sevati yady asantaṁ tapasvinaṁ yadi vā stenam eva | vāso yathā raṅgavaśaṁ prayāti tathā sa teṣāṁ vaśam abhyupaiti ||

హంస అన్నాడు: ఎవడు సజ్జనుని సేవించినా, దుర్జనుని సేవించినా; తపస్విని సేవించినా, దొంగనైనా సేవించినా—వస్త్రం ఏ రంగులో ముంచితే ఆ రంగే ఎక్కినట్లు, అతడూ వారి ప్రభావంలోకి వెళ్లి వారి స్వభావంతోనే రంగు పుచ్చుకుంటాడు.

यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
सन्तम्a good (person)
सन्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सेवतिserves/associates with
सेवति:
TypeVerb
Rootसेव्
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
असन्तम्a bad (person)
असन्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअसत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तपस्विनम्an ascetic
तपस्विनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्विन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
स्तेनम्a thief
स्तेनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्तेन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
वासःcloth/garment
वासः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवासस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यथाas/just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
रक्तवशम्the state of being under red (dye), i.e., redness
रक्तवशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरक्तवश
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रयातिgoes/comes to (a state)
प्रयाति:
TypeVerb
Rootया (प्र-या)
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
तथाso/in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
वशम्control/power
वशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अभ्युपैतिapproaches/comes under
अभ्युपैति:
TypeVerb
Rootइ (अभि-उप-इ)
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

हंस उवाच

हंस (Haṁsa)
वस्त्र/वासः (cloth/garment)
सज्जन (the virtuous)
असज्जन (the wicked)
तपस्वी (ascetic)
चोर/स्तेन (thief)

Educational Q&A

One’s character is strongly shaped by whom one serves and keeps company with; association acts like dye on cloth, imparting the qualities—good or bad—of those attended.

Haṁsa delivers a moral instruction using a vivid simile: as cloth becomes the color it is dyed, a person becomes influenced by the nature of those he serves—whether virtuous, wicked, ascetic, or criminal.