Shloka 11

Devanagari script

ऋषय ऊचु. अधर्मे सम्प्रवृत्तस्त्वं धर्म न प्रतिपद्यसे । प्रमाणमेतदस्माकं पूर्व प्रोक्त महर्षिभि:,ऋषिगण बोले--तुम अधर्ममें प्रवृत्त हो रहे हो, इसलिये धर्मका तत्त्व नहीं समझते हो। पूर्वकालमें महर्षियोंने इन सब मन्त्रोंको हमारे लिये प्रमाणभूत बताया है

Transliteration

ṛṣaya ūcuḥ | adharme sampravṛttas tvaṃ dharmaṃ na pratipadyase | pramāṇam etad asmākaṃ pūrvaṃ proktaṃ maharṣibhiḥ |

Translation

ఋషులు పలికిరి—నీవు అధర్మములో ప్రవృత్తుడవైనందున ధర్మాన్ని యథార్థంగా గ్రహించలేవు. ఇది మా కొరకు ప్రామాణ్యం; పూర్వకాలంలో మహర్షులు దీనిని ప్రమాణమని ప్రకటించారు.

Word by Word

• {'ṛṣayaḥ': 'sages, seers', 'ūcuḥ': 'said (perfect tense, 3rd person plural)', 'adharme': 'in adharma

• in unrighteousness, injustice', 'sampravṛttaḥ': 'fully engaged, set in motion, actively pursuing', 'tvam': 'you', 'dharmaṃ': 'dharma

• righteousness, moral law, duty, right order', 'na': 'not', 'pratipadyase': 'you understand/accept/enter upon

• you take up as your course', 'pramāṇam': 'authoritative means/standard of knowledge

• valid proof', 'etat': 'this', 'asmākam': 'for us

• of us', 'pūrvam': 'formerly, in earlier times', 'proktam': 'declared, taught', 'maharṣibhiḥ': 'by great seers (instrumental plural)'}

Speaker

शल्य उवाच

Characters & Entities

• ṛṣayaḥ (sages)
• maharṣayaḥ (great seers)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A person who is actively committed to adharma loses the capacity to recognize and accept dharma; therefore, ethical understanding requires inner alignment with righteousness. The verse also grounds dharma in pramāṇa—authoritative teachings transmitted by earlier great seers.

What is happening in the narrative?

A group of sages addresses someone they judge to be acting unrighteously, rebuking him for failing to grasp dharma and citing the ancient pronouncements of great seers as the authoritative basis for their instruction.