Shloka 19
Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 165 — Bhīṣma’s Appraisal and Karṇa’s Rebuttal (भीष्म–कर्ण विवादः)
Devanagari script
एष योत्स्यति संग्रामे स्वान् बन्धून् सम्प्रहर्षयन् । उग्रायुधो महेष्वासो धार्तराष्ट्रहिते रत:
Translation
ఈ మహాధనుర్ధారి, ఘోర ఆయుధాలతో సన్నద్ధుడై, తన బంధువుల ఉత్సాహాన్ని పెంచుతూ సంగ్రామంలో యుద్ధం చేస్తాడు; ధృతరాష్ట్రపుత్రుల హితంలో నిమగ్నుడై ఉంటాడు.
Word by Word
एषःthis (man)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
योत्स्यतिwill fight
योत्स्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
संग्रामेin battle
संग्रामे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंग्राम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
स्वान्his own
स्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
बन्धून्kinsmen/relatives
बन्धून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबन्धु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सम्प्रहर्षयन्gladdening/cheering
सम्प्रहर्षयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-प्र-हृष्
FormPresent active participle (Śatṛ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
उग्रायुधःhaving fierce weapons
उग्रायुधः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्रायुध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महेष्वासःhaving a great bow (great archer)
महेष्वासः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहेष्वास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धार्तराष्ट्रहितेin/for the welfare of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (and his side)
धार्तराष्ट्रहिते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्रहित
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
रतःdevoted/engaged
रतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरम्
FormPast passive participle (kta), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes