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Shloka 51

Ulūka’s Provocation and Keśava’s Counter-Message (उलूकदूत्ये केशवप्रत्युत्तरम्)

किं नु युद्धात्‌ परं लाभ क्षत्रियो बहु मन्यते । किं च त्वं क्षत्रियकुले जात: सम्प्रथितो भुवि

kiṁ nu yuddhāt paraṁ lābhaṁ kṣatriyo bahu manyate | kiṁ ca tvaṁ kṣatriyakule jātaḥ samprathito bhuvi |

సంజయుడు అన్నాడు—యుద్ధం కంటే గొప్ప లాభాన్ని క్షత్రియుడు ఇంకేమి భావిస్తాడు? అంతేకాదు, నీవు కూడా క్షత్రియకులంలో పుట్టి ఈ భూమిపై విఖ్యాతి పొందావు.

किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
नुindeed/then (interrogative particle)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
युद्धात्from/than battle
युद्धात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
Formneuter, ablative, singular
परम्higher/greater
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
लाभम्gain, benefit
लाभम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलाभ
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
क्षत्रियःa kshatriya (warrior)
क्षत्रियः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
बहुmuch, greatly
बहु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबहु
मन्यतेthinks/considers
मन्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (मन्यते)
Formpresent, indicative, ātmanepada, 3rd, singular
किम्what (and what more)
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Formnominative, singular
क्षत्रियकुलेin a kshatriya family
क्षत्रियकुले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय-कुल
Formneuter, locative, singular
जातःborn
जातः:
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (जात)
Formpast passive participle, masculine, nominative, singular
सम्प्रथितःwell-renowned, widely famed
सम्प्रथितः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रथ् (सम्+प्रथ्; सम्प्रथित)
Formpast passive participle, masculine, nominative, singular
भुविon earth, in the world
भुवि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभू (स्त्री. भुव्/भूमि-शब्दः; here भुवि)
Formfeminine, locative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
kṣatriya (warrior class)
E
earth (bhū)

Educational Q&A

The verse appeals to kṣatriya-dharma: for a warrior, battle undertaken as duty is viewed as the highest ‘gain,’ tied to honor and the maintenance of social order; personal fame and lineage are invoked to strengthen resolve.

Sañjaya frames an exhortation by reminding the addressed warrior that no advantage surpasses righteous battle for a kṣatriya, and that the person addressed is already celebrated on earth due to birth in a renowned warrior line.