Shloka 1

अपन का छा | अफ्-#-र- तग्रयस्शीतितमो<ध्याय: आज 4ा 48: आदिके लक्षण, गुप्त सलाह सुननेके अधिकारी और अनधिकारी तथा गुप्त-मन्त्रणाकी एवं स्थानका निर्देश युधिछिर उवाच सभासद: सहायाश्नर सुहृदश्च विशाम्पते । परिच्छदास्तथामात्या: कीदृशा: स्यु: पितामह,युधिष्ठिरने पूछा--प्रजापालक पितामह! राजाके सभासद्‌, सहायक, सुहृद, परिच्छद (सेनापति आदि) तथा मन्त्री कैसे होने चाहिये?

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | sabhāsadaḥ sahāyāś ca suhṛdaś ca viśāṃ pate | paricchadās tathāmātyāḥ kīdṛśāḥ syuḥ pitāmaha ||

యుధిష్ఠిరుడు పలికెను—ప్రజాపాలక పితామహా! రాజుని సభాసదులు, సహాయకులు, సుహృదులు, పరిచ్ఛదులు (సేనాపతులు మొదలైనవారు) మరియు మంత్రులు ఎలాంటి వారై ఉండాలి?

युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सभासदःcouncil-members, courtiers
सभासदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसभासद् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सहायाःhelpers, assistants
सहायाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसहाय (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सुहृदःwell-wishers, friends
सुहृदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुहृद् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विशाम्पतेO lord of the people
विशाम्पते:
TypeNoun
Rootविशाम्पति (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
परिच्छदाःretinue, attendants (incl. officers)
परिच्छदाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपरिच्छद (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाlikewise, and also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अमात्याःministers
अमात्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअमात्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कीदृशाःof what kind? what sort?
कीदृशाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकीदृश (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्युःshould be
स्युः:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
पितामहO grandsire
पितामह:
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Bhīṣma (Pitāmaha)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a rājadharma inquiry: a king’s success and moral governance depend on choosing the right kinds of councillors, aides, friends, officers, and ministers—especially those fit to hear and keep confidential counsel.

In the Śānti Parva dialogue, Yudhiṣṭhira approaches Bhīṣma for instruction and asks what qualities should characterize the king’s assembly-members and ministers, setting up Bhīṣma’s guidance on trustworthy advisers and secret counsel.