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Shloka 25

राजधर्मः—प्रजापालनं दानयज्ञश्च

Royal Duty—Protection of Subjects, Generosity, and Sacrificial Discipline

दानमध्ययन यज्ञ प्रजानां परिपालनम्‌ । धर्ममेतदधर्म वा जन्मनैवाभ्यजायथा:,दान, वेदाध्ययन, यज्ञ तथा प्रजाका पालन--ये धर्मरूप हों या अधर्मरूप। तुम्हारा जन्म इन्हीं कर्मोको करनेके लिये हुआ है

dānam adhyayanaṃ yajñaḥ prajānāṃ paripālanam | dharmam etad adharmaṃ vā janmanaivābhyajāyathāḥ ||

భీష్ముడు అన్నాడు—దానం, వేదాధ్యయనం, యజ్ఞం, ప్రజాపాలన—ఇవి నీకు జన్మతోనే నియతమైన కర్తవ్యాలు. అవి ధర్మరూపమా అధర్మరూపమా అనేది నీవు వాటిని ఎలా నిర్వహిస్తావో దానిపై ఆధారపడుతుంది; కానీ వాటిని చేయవలసిన బాధ్యత నీ జన్మస్థానంలోనే ఉంది.

दानम्gift-giving, charity
दानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अध्ययनम्study (of the Veda)
अध्ययनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअध्ययन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यज्ञःsacrifice, ritual
यज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रजानाम्of the subjects/creatures
प्रजानाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
परिपालनम्protection, governance
परिपालनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपरिपालन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
धर्मम्dharma, righteousness
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अधर्मःunrighteousness, adharma
अधर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
जन्मनाby birth, from birth
जन्मना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootजन्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अभ्यजायथाःyou were born (for), you have been born
अभ्यजायथाः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√जन्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Second, Plural, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Certain foundational duties—giving, sacred learning, sacrifice, and protecting the people—are intrinsic to one’s social role; they must be undertaken, and their ethical quality (dharma or adharma) depends on intention, method, and justice in execution.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on righteous conduct and governance, Bhishma is advising about the obligatory works tied to one’s station—especially the responsibilities connected with public welfare and religious-social order.