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Shloka 30

अध्याय ५७ — राज्ञः नित्यप्रयत्नः, रक्षा-प्रधानता, तथा त्याग-नीतिः

Chapter 57: Constant Royal Vigilance, Primacy of Protection, and Principles of Dismissal

प्राज्ञस्त्यागगुणोपेत: पररन्ध्रेषु तत्पर: । सुदर्श: सर्ववर्णानां नयापनयवित्‌ तथा

prājñas tyāga-guṇopetaḥ para-randhreṣu tat-paraḥ | sudarśaḥ sarva-varṇānāṁ nayāpanaya-vit tathā ||

త్యాగగుణసంపన్నుడైన ప్రాజ్ఞుడు, ఇతరుల బలహీన బిందువులపై అప్రమత్తంగా ఉండి, అన్ని వర్ణాల స్వభావాన్ని సరిగ్గా గ్రహించి, నీతి-అనీతి—ఏది స్వీకరించాలి, ఏది వదలాలి—అన్నదీ తెలిసినవాడై ఉండాలి।

प्राज्ञःwise (man)
प्राज्ञः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्यागगुणोपेतःendowed with the virtue of renunciation
त्यागगुणोपेतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्यागगुणोपेत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पररन्ध्रेषुin others' weak points/flaws
पररन्ध्रेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपररन्ध्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
तत्परःintent, devoted
तत्परः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतत्पर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुदर्शःgood-looking / of good appearance
सुदर्शः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुदर्श
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्ववर्णानाम्of all classes/varṇas
सर्ववर्णानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसर्ववर्ण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
नयापनयवित्knower of policy and impolicy (right and wrong conduct)
नयापनयवित्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनयापनयविद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाand also / likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma defines the prājña (wise person) as one who combines inner renunciation with sharp discernment: he knows what to accept and what to reject (naya vs. apanaya) and can judge situations and people clearly, including recognizing vulnerabilities that affect practical decision-making.

Within the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and governance after the war, Bhīṣma continues advising the listener on the qualities of an ideal counselor/leader—highlighting renunciation, clear judgment across society, and competence in sound versus unsound policy.