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Shloka 12

Adhyāya 353 — Kathā-prāmāṇya (Authority of Transmission) and the Brāhmaṇa’s Ascetic Resolve

अचिन्त्यं चापि त॑ ज्ञात्वा भावसूक्ष्मं चतुष्टयम्‌ । विचरेद्‌ यो5समुन्नद्ध: स गच्छेत्‌ पुरुषं शुभम्‌,जो चारों सूक्ष्म भावोंसे युक्त उस निर्गुण पुरुषको अचिन्त्य जानकर अहंकारशून्य होकर विचरण करता है, वही कल्याणमय परम पुरुषको प्राप्त होता है

acintyaṃ cāpi taṃ jñātvā bhāvasūkṣmaṃ catuṣṭayam | vicared yo 'samunnaddhaḥ sa gacchet puruṣaṃ śubham ||

ఆ పరమ పురుషుడు అచింత్యుడని తెలిసి, సూక్ష్మమైన చతుర్భావాలను గ్రహించి, అహంకారరహితుడై జీవనంలో సంచరించువాడు—ఆ శుభమైన పరమ పురుషుని పొందును.

अचिन्त्यम्unthinkable, inconceivable
अचिन्त्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअचिन्त्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
तम्him/that (Supreme Person)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ज्ञात्वाhaving known
ज्ञात्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
भावसूक्ष्मम्subtle in nature/being
भावसूक्ष्मम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभावसूक्ष्म
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चतुष्टयम्a set of four (quartet)
चतुष्टयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचतुष्टय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विचरेत्should wander/live/conduct oneself
विचरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + चर्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), Present-system, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
यःwho (he who)
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
असमुन्नद्धःnot puffed up; not arrogant
असमुन्नद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-समुन्नद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle) with privative अ-
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गच्छेत्would go; should attain
गच्छेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), Present-system, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पुरुषम्the Person (Supreme Person)
पुरुषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
शुभम्auspicious, blessed
शुभम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशुभ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

पितामह उवाच

B
Bhishma (Pitamah)
P
Purusha (Supreme Person)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that the Supreme Reality (Puruṣa) is ultimately inconceivable, yet one should cultivate refined inner dispositions (a subtle fourfold set) and live without ego-inflation; such humility and inner discipline lead to attaining the auspicious Supreme Person.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and liberation-oriented conduct. Here he summarizes a soteriological point: recognizing the transcendence of the Supreme and practicing ego-free living grounded in subtle inner cultivation results in reaching the highest good.