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Shloka 17

Puruṣaikatva-vyākhyāna: The One Virāṭ Puruṣa and the Many ‘Puruṣas’

Rudra–Brahmā Saṃvāda

(विरुद्ध वेदसूत्राणामुक्त यदि भवेन्नूप । वयं विरुद्धवचना यदि तत्र पतामहे ।।) “नरेश्वर! तुमने यदि वेद और सूत्रोंके विरुद्ध कहा हो तो हमारा यह शाप अवश्य लागू हो और यदि हम शास्त्रविरुद्ध वचन कहते हों तो हमारा पतन हो जाय” ।। ततस्तस्मिन्‌ मुहूर्तेडथ राजोपरिचरस्तदा । अधो वै सम्बभूवाशु भूमेविंवरगो नूप,राजन्‌! ऋषियोंके इतना कहते ही उसी क्षण राजा उपरिचर आकाशसे नीचे आ गये और तत्काल पृथ्वीके विवरमें प्रवेश कर गये

bhīṣma uvāca | viruddha-veda-sūtrāṇām uktaṃ yadi bhaven nṛpa | vayaṃ viruddha-vacanā yadi tatra patāmahe || tataḥ tasmin muhūrte ’tha rājoparicaras tadā | adho vai sambabhūvāśu bhūme vivara-go nṛpa rājann ||

మునులు పలికిరి—నరేశ్వరా! నీవు చెప్పిన మాట వేదసూత్రాలకు విరుద్ధమైతే మా శాపం సత్యమగుగాక; మేమే శాస్త్రవిరుద్ధంగా పలికితే మా పతనం కలుగుగాక. వారు ఇలా పలికిన క్షణమే రాజు ఉపరిచరుడు ఆకాశం నుండి దిగివచ్చి వెంటనే భూమి చీలికలో ప్రవేశించాడు.

विरुद्धcontrary/opposed
विरुद्ध:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootविरुद्ध (वि+रुध्, क्त)
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
वेदसूत्राणाम्of the Vedas and Sutras
वेदसूत्राणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवेद + सूत्र
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
उक्तम्a statement / what is said
उक्तम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउक्त (वच्, क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
भवेत्may be / should be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
नृपO king
नृप:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
वयम्we
वयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Plural
विरुद्धवचनाःspeakers of contrary words
विरुद्धवचनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविरुद्ध + वचन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
तत्रthere / in that matter
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
पतामहेmay we fall / perish
पतामहे:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 1st, Plural, Parasmaipada
ततःthen
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
तस्मिन्in that
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
मुहूर्तेat that moment
मुहूर्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमुहूर्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अथthen/now
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उपरिचरःUparicara (proper name)
उपरिचरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउपरिचर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तदाat that time
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
अधःdownwards
अधः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअधः
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
समभवत्became / came to be
समभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (सम्+भू)
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
आशुquickly
आशु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआशु
भूमेःof/from the earth
भूमेः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
विवरम्a hole/cavity
विवरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविवर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गःone who went (entered)
गः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootग (गम्, क्विप्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नृपO king
नृप:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma (Bhīṣma)
K
King (Nṛpa/Rājan)
K
King Uparichara (Rājā Uparicara)
S
Sages (ṛṣi-s; implied by narration)
V
Vedas (Veda)
S
Sutras (Sūtra)
E
Earth (Bhūmi)
F
Fissure/cleft (Vivara)

Educational Q&A

The passage teaches that claims and judgments must be measured against established sacred authority (Veda and sūtra). Ethical confidence is shown by accepting consequences: if one is wrong against dharma, one should be ready to bear the fall; if the other is wrong, the curse rightly applies.

A challenge is framed: if the king’s statement is anti-scriptural, the sages’ curse should stand; if the sages are anti-scriptural, they should fall. Immediately after this pronouncement, King Uparichara descends from the sky and enters a cleft in the earth, signaling that the verdict has taken effect.