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Shloka 15

राजधर्मः, दण्डनीतिः, कर्तृत्व-विचारः च

Royal Duty, Lawful Discipline, and the Question of Agency

अथवा तदुपादानात्‌ प्राप्तुयात्‌ कर्मण: फलम्‌ । दण्डशस्त्रकृतं पापं पुरुषे तन्न विद्यते,अथवा यदि कहें कि “उस कुल्हाड़ीको ग्रहण करनेके कारण चेतन पुरुषको ही उस हिंसाकर्मका फल प्राप्त होगा (जड होनेके कारण कुल्हाड़ीको नहीं)”, तब तो जिसने उस शस्त्रको बनाया और जिसने उसमें डंडा लगाया, वह पुरुष ही प्रधान प्रयोजक होनेके कारण उसीको उस कर्मका फल मिलना चाहिये। चलानेवाले पुरुषपर उसका कोई उत्तरदायित्व नहीं है

athavā tadupādānāt prāpnuyāt karmaṇaḥ phalam | daṇḍaśastrakṛtaṃ pāpaṃ puruṣe tan na vidyate ||

లేదా ‘ఆ ఆయుధాన్ని చేతబట్టినందువల్లనే చైతన్యవంతుడికి హింసాఫలం వస్తుంది (జడమైన ఆయుధానికి కాదు)’ అని వాదిస్తే, ఆ ఆయుధాన్ని తయారు చేసినవాడు, దానికి దండం/పిడికిలి అమర్చినవాడు— ప్రధాన కారణకర్తలైనందున ఫలాన్ని వారే పొందాలి; ప్రయోగించినవాడికి బాధ్యత ఉండదు.

अथवाor else
अथवा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथवा
तत्from that
तत्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, ablative, singular
उपादानात्from taking/appropriating (it); from the act of taking
उपादानात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootउपादान
Formneuter, ablative, singular
प्राप्तुयात्might obtain
प्राप्तुयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्राप्
Formoptative (vidhiling), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
कर्मणःof the act/deed
कर्मणः:
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
Formneuter, genitive, singular
फलम्fruit/result
फलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootफल
Formneuter, accusative, singular
दण्डशस्त्रकृतम्done by a staff/weapon (i.e., weapon-caused)
दण्डशस्त्रकृतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदण्डशस्त्रकृत
Formneuter, nominative, singular
पापम्sin/evil
पापम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
Formneuter, nominative, singular
पुरुषेin/with regard to a person
पुरुषे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
Formmasculine, locative, singular
तत्that (sin/result)
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विद्यतेexists/is found
विद्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
Formpresent indicative (lat), 3rd, singular, atmanepada

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
D
daṇḍaśastra (handled weapon/axe-like implement)
D
daṇḍa (handle/staff)

Educational Q&A

Moral responsibility cannot be assigned merely by physical proximity to an instrument. If one claims the ‘taker-up’ of a weapon alone receives the karmic fruit because he is conscious, the logic collapses—then makers and assemblers would be even more responsible as primary causes. Vyāsa uses this to emphasize that ethical accountability depends on true agency (intention and decisive causation), not on a simplistic link between a person and a tool.

In Śānti Parva’s ethical discussion, Vyāsa presents a reductio argument about violence and karmic fruit: if the weapon is inert and only the conscious person can ‘receive’ sin, then responsibility would shift backward to those who created and prepared the weapon. This highlights the need for a nuanced understanding of causation and culpability in acts of harm.