Shloka 66

नारद–शुक संवादः

Impermanence, Svabhāva, and Śuka’s Resolve for Yoga

Devanagari script

ब्रह्मलोकगताश्चषैव कथयन्ति महर्षय: । पतिश्न तपतां शश्वदादित्यस्तव भाषिता

Transliteration

brahmalokagatāś caiva kathayanti maharṣayaḥ | patiśna tapatāṃ śaśvad ādityas tava bhāṣitā

Translation

బ్రహ్మలోకాన్ని చేరిన మహర్షులూ ఇదే విషయాన్ని చెప్పుచున్నారు. నిరంతరంగా తపస్సు చేసే వారికి నిత్యసాక్షి అయిన ఆదిత్యుడు (సూర్యుడు) మీ ఉపదేశాన్ని ప్రకటించి తెలియజేస్తాడు.

Word by Word

• ब्रह्मलोकगताः: gone to the Brahma-world
• ब्रह्मलोकगताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ब्रह्मलोकगत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• कथयन्ति: they tell/relate
• Type: Verb
• Root: कथ्
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• महर्षयः: great sages
• महर्षयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महर्षि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पतिश्न: devoted to the husband (as a quality/ideal)
• पतिश्न: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पतिश्न
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तपताम्: of those who practice austerity
• Type: Verb
• Root: तप्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• शश्वत्: always/constantly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शश्वत्

• आदित्यः: the Sun (Aditya)
• आदित्यः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदित्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तव: of you/your
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद्
• Form: Genitive, Singular

• भाषिता: spoken/uttered
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भाषित
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

याज़्ञवल्क्य उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Yājñavalkya
• Brahmaloka
• Maharṣis
• Āditya (Sun)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores that true teaching about dharma and spiritual discipline is validated by the testimony of realized sages and by the cosmic order itself: those who practise steady tapas are supported by higher authority, symbolized by the Sun as an ever-present witness.

What is happening in the narrative?

Yājñavalkya is affirming a doctrine by appealing to two sources of authority: (1) the great seers who have attained Brahmaloka and (2) Āditya, the Sun, who is invoked as a universal witness that ‘proclaims’ or illuminates the truth of the teaching for steadfast ascetics.