Shloka 101

नारद–शुक संवादः

Impermanence, Svabhāva, and Śuka’s Resolve for Yoga

Devanagari script

राजेन्द्र! नरेश्वर! उन्होंने सम्पूर्ण सांख्य

Transliteration

paśyanti yogāḥ sāṅkhyāś ca svaśāstra-kṛta-lakṣaṇāḥ | iṣṭāniṣṭa-vimuktaṃ hi tasthau brahma parātparam, yudhiṣṭhira ||

Translation

భీష్ముడు పలికెను: యుధిష్ఠిరా, సాంఖ్యయోగవిద్వాంసులు తమ తమ శాస్త్రాలలో చెప్పబడిన లక్షణముల ప్రకారము ఇట్లే దర్శించుదురు—ఆ పరాత్పర బ్రహ్మము ఇష్టానిష్ట ద్వంద్వములనుండి సంపూర్ణముగా విముక్తమై, అచలభావముతో స్థితమై, పరమోన్నతమునకును అతీతమై యున్నది.

Word by Word

• पश्यन्ति: they see/realize
• पश्यन्ति: Kriya
• Type: Verb
• Root: पश् (दृश्-अर्थे)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद

• योगाः: yogins / followers of yoga
• योगाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: योग
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• सांख्याः: Sankhya-knowers / followers of Sankhya
• सांख्याः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सांख्य
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• स्वशास्त्रकृतलक्षणाः: having characteristics defined by their own treatises
• स्वशास्त्रकृतलक्षणाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व-शास्त्र-कृत-लक्षण
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• इष्टानिष्टविमुक्तम्: free from the desirable and the undesirable
• इष्टानिष्टविमुक्तम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इष्ट-अनिष्ट-विमुक्त
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• हि: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• तस्थौ: stood / remained established
• तस्थौ: Kriya
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था
• Form: लिट् (परिपूर्ण भूत/परफेक्ट), प्रथम, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• ब्रह्म: Brahman (the Absolute)
• ब्रह्म: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन्
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• परात्परम्: higher than the highest / transcendent beyond the beyond
• परात्परम्: Visheshana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परात्-पर
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• युधिष्ठिर: O Yudhishthira
• युधिष्ठिर: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युधिष्ठिर
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Brahman
• Sāṅkhya
• Yoga
• Śāstra

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches that the highest reality (Brahman) is beyond the opposites of liking and disliking (iṣṭa/aniṣṭa). True insight—whether framed through Sāṅkhya’s discrimination or Yoga’s discipline—recognizes Brahman as unwavering, unaffected by preference, aversion, or worldly valuation.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Śānti Parva instruction, Bhīṣma continues advising King Yudhiṣṭhira on liberation-oriented wisdom. He cites the shared conclusion of Sāṅkhya and Yoga authorities: that Brahman is supremely transcendent and stable, and that liberation involves seeing beyond the mind’s habitual judgments of desirable and undesirable.