Shloka 2

अध्याय २८१ — दानधर्मः, न्यायागतधनम्, ऋणत्रय-परिशोधनं च

Dāna ethics, lawful wealth, and settling obligations

Devanagari script

ज्वलितास्यो5भवद्‌ घोरो वैवर्ण्य चागमत्‌ परम्‌ | गात्रकम्पश्न सुमहान्‌ श्वासश्लाप्पभवन्महान्‌

Transliteration

jvalitāsyo 'bhavad ghoro vaivarṇyaṃ cāgamat param | gātrakampaś ca sumahān śvāsaś cāpi 'bhavan mahān ||

Translation

అతని నోరు తీవ్రముగా మండసాగెను; చూడుటకు అతడు ఘోరరూపుడైయెను. అతని వర్ణము అత్యంతంగా వెలసిపోయెను; అవయవములు బలంగా కంపించెను, శ్వాస వేగముగా, బలముగా ప్రవహించెను.

Word by Word

• ज्वलितास्यः: having a burning mouth/face
• ज्वलितास्यः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ज्वलितास्य (ज्वलित + आस्य)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अभवत्: became/was
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular

• घोरः: terrible, dreadful
• घोरः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घोर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• वैवर्ण्यम्: paleness, loss of color
• वैवर्ण्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैवर्ण्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अगमत्: went/attained
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular

• परम्: the utmost, extreme
• परम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• गात्रकम्पः: trembling of the limbs
• गात्रकम्पः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: गात्रकम्प (गात्र + कम्प)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• सुमहान्: very great
• सुमहान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुमहत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• श्वासः: breath, breathing
• श्वासः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्वास
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अपि: also, even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• अभवत्: became/was
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular

• महान्: great, intense
• महान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how inner disturbance—fear, remorse, or overpowering emotion—can erupt into visible physical symptoms, impairing steadiness and discernment. In dharma-discourse, such loss of composure signals the need for self-control and ethical clarity before action.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhīṣma describes a person undergoing sudden, intense distress: burning in the mouth/face, a frightening appearance, extreme pallor, violent trembling, and heavy, rapid breathing—signs of shock or panic within the unfolding instruction/story.