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Shloka 24

श्रेयो-धर्मकर्मविचारः

Inquiry into Śreyas, Dharma, and Karma

“दानवप्रवर! सम्पूर्ण ग्रह उनकी दोनों भौंहोंके बीचमें स्थित हैं। नक्षत्रमण्डल नेत्रोंसे प्रकट हुआ है। दनुनन्दन! यह पृथ्वी उनके दोनों चरणोंमें स्थित है ।।

dānavapravara! sampūrṇa-grahā ubhayor bhruvor madhye sthitāḥ | nakṣatra-maṇḍalaṃ netrābhyāṃ prakaṭaṃ bhavati | danunandana! iyaṃ pṛthivī ubhayor caraṇayoḥ sthitā || taṃ viddhi bhūta-viśvādīṃ paramaṃ viddhi ceśvaram | rajas tamaś ca sattvaṃ ca viddhi nārāyaṇātmakam | sa evāśramāṇāṃ phalaṃ tāta karmāṇāṃ tat phalaṃ viduḥ ||

భీష్ముడు పలికెను— ఓ దానవప్రవరా! సమస్త గ్రహములు ఆయన రెండు భ్రూవుల మధ్య నిలిచియున్నవి; నక్షత్రమండలము ఆయన నేత్రద్వయమునుండి ప్రకాశిస్తుంది. ఓ దనునందనా! ఈ భూమి ఆయన రెండు పాదముల యందే నిలిచియున్నది. ఆయనను సమస్త భూతస్వరూపుడిగా, జగత్తుకు ఆదికారణముగా, పరమేశ్వరుడిగా తెలుసుకో. రజస్సు, తమస్సు, సత్త్వము—ఈ మూడు గుణములనూ నారాయణమయముగా గ్రహించు. తాత! అన్ని ఆశ్రమముల ఫలము ఆయనే; జ్ఞానులు సమస్త కర్మలద్వారా పొందవలసిన పరమ ఫలముగా కూడా ఆయనేనని తెలుసుకొందురు.

तम्him/that (one)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विद्धिknow (you)
विद्धि:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
भूतम्the being; the existent
भूतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विश्व-आदिम्the origin of the universe
विश्व-आदिम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्वादि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
परम्supreme
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विद्धिknow (you)
विद्धि:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ईश्वरम्the Lord
ईश्वरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootईश्वर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रजःrajas (passion)
रजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरजस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तमःtamas (darkness/inertia)
तमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सत्त्वम्sattva (purity/clarity)
सत्त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विद्धिknow (you)
विद्धि:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
नारायण-आत्मकम्having the nature of Nārāyaṇa; Nārāyaṇa-made
नारायण-आत्मकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनारायणात्मक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आश्रमाणाम्of the āśramas (stages of life)
आश्रमाणाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रम
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
फलम्fruit; result
फलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootफल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तातdear one; son
तात:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कर्मणःof action; of a deed
कर्मणः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
फलम्fruit; result
फलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootफल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
विदुःthey know
विदुः:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
N
Nārāyaṇa
D
Danu (as lineage marker: danunandana)
G
Grahāḥ (planets)
N
Nakṣatra-maṇḍala (constellations)
P
Pṛthivī (Earth)
T
Triguṇa (rajas, tamas, sattva)
Ā
Āśramas (four stages of life)

Educational Q&A

The passage teaches that Nārāyaṇa is the supreme Lord and the cosmic ground of all phenomena: even the planets, stars, and earth are envisioned as resting within His body. Ethically and spiritually, it asserts that the ultimate ‘fruit’ of all duties—across every āśrama and every kind of karma—is realization/attainment of Him, and that even the three guṇas are to be understood as pervaded by Nārāyaṇa.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction section, Bhīṣma is teaching about the highest principle. Addressing a listener described as ‘foremost among the Dānavas’ and ‘son of Danu,’ he presents a cosmic-body description of the supreme deity and then draws the doctrinal conclusion: the Lord is the origin of the universe and the final goal of all disciplined life and action.