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Shloka 10

उशनसः (शुक्रस्य) चरितम् — The Account of Uśanā (Śukra): Yoga, Grievance, and Pacification

तथा कर्मफलैदेंही र|ज्जितस्तमसा55वृत: । विवर्णों वर्णमश्रित्य देहेषु परिवर्तते,जैसे अन्धकारमयी वायु मैनसिलके लाल-पीले चूर्णमें प्रवेश करके उसीके रंगसे युक्त हो सम्पूर्ण दिशाओंको रँगती दिखायी देती है, उसी प्रकार स्वभावत: वर्णविहीन यह जीवात्मा तमोमय अज्ञानसे आवृत और कर्मफलसे रंजित हो वही वर्ण ग्रहण कर अर्थात्‌ विभिन्न शरीरोंके धर्मोंकोी स्वीकार करके समस्त प्राणियोंके शरीरोंमें घूमता रहता है

tathā karmaphalaiḥ dehī rañjitas tamasāvṛtaḥ | vivarṇo varṇam āśritya deheṣu parivartate ||

భీష్ముడు పలికెను—అదేవిధంగా దేహధారి ఆత్మ కర్మఫలాలతో రంజితమై, తమసు (అజ్ఞానం)తో ఆవృతమై, స్వయంగా వర్ణరహితమైనప్పటికీ ఒక స్థితిని ఆశ్రయించి “వర్ణం” ధరించి, దేహాలలో తిరుగుతూ మారుతూ ఉంటుంది.

तथाthus, in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
कर्मफलैःby the fruits of actions
कर्मफलैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मफल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
देहीthe embodied self
देही:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेहिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रञ्जितःtinged, colored
रञ्जितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootरञ्जित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तमसाby darkness/ignorance
तमसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
आवृतःcovered, enveloped
आवृतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootआवृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विवर्णःcolorless (by nature)
विवर्णः:
TypeAdjective
Rootविवर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वर्णम्color/quality
वर्णम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आश्रित्यhaving resorted to, taking on
आश्रित्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-श्रि
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
देहेषुin bodies
देहेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदेह
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
परिवर्ततेmoves about, transmigrates
परिवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-वृत्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
D
dehī (embodied self/jīva)
T
tamas (ignorance/darkness)
K
karma-phala (fruits of action)
D
deha (body)

Educational Q&A

The self is intrinsically unqualified ("colorless"), but ignorance (tamas) veils it and karma’s results stain it, making it appear to take on particular qualities and roles; this drives its repeated movement through different bodies (saṃsāra).

Bhishma is instructing on the metaphysics of rebirth: he uses an analogy of wind darkened by contact with colored powders to explain how the jīva, though pure in itself, seems to acquire attributes through ignorance and karmic conditioning and thus cycles through embodiments.