Shloka 19

Viṣṇor Māhātmya and Indriya-saṃyama (विष्णोर्माहात्म्यं तथा इन्द्रियसंयमः)

Devanagari script

ततस्तं भगवान्‌ धर्मो यज्ञं याजयत: स्वयम्‌ । समाधान च भार्याया लेभे स तपसा परम्‌

Transliteration

tatastaṁ bhagavān dharmo yajñaṁ yājayataḥ svayam | samādhānaṁ ca bhāryāyā lebhe sa tapasā param ||

Translation

ఆ తరువాత భగవాన్ ధర్ముడు స్వయంగా అతనితో యజ్ఞం చేయించాడు. అనంతరం అతడు పరమ తపస్సుతో తన భార్య మనస్థితి విషయమై అత్యుత్తమ స్పష్టత, స్థిరనిశ్చయం పొందాడు—హింస మహా అనర్థాన్ని కలిగిస్తుంది; అహింసే పరమ కల్యాణసాధనం అని दृఢంగా గ్రహించాడు.

Word by Word

• ततः: thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः
• Form: indeclinable (ablatival adverb: 'from that/thereafter')

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine accusative singular

• भगवान्: the blessed/lordly one
• भगवान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भगवत्
• Form: masculine nominative singular

• धर्मः: Dharma (personified)
• धर्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: masculine nominative singular

• यज्ञम्: sacrifice
• यज्ञम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ
• Form: masculine accusative singular

• याजयतः: of (him) who was causing (a sacrifice) to be performed
• Type: Verb
• Root: याजयत् (causative present participle of √यज्)
• Form: masculine genitive singular (present active participle used adjectivally: 'of (him) causing to sacrifice')

• स्वयम्: himself
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्वयम्
• Form: indeclinable

• समाधानम्: resolution/settled understanding
• समाधानम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: समाधान
• Form: neuter accusative singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: indeclinable

• भार्यायाः: of (his) wife
• Type: Noun
• Root: भार्या
• Form: feminine genitive singular

• लेभे: obtained
• Type: Verb
• Root: √लभ्
• Form: perfect (liṭ), 3rd person singular, parasmaipada (usage), 'obtained'

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine nominative singular

• तपसा: by austerity
• तपसा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्
• Form: neuter instrumental singular

• परम्: supreme/excellent
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम
• Form: neuter accusative singular (agreeing with समाधानम्)

Speaker

नारद उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Dharma (personified deity)
• Narada (speaker, per metadata)
• the sacrificer (unnamed in the verse)
• wife (bhāryā)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse links ritual and ascetic discipline to ethical insight: through tapas one gains firm inner resolution, culminating in the recognition that violence leads to great harm and that non-violence (ahiṁsā) is the highest means to genuine welfare.

What is happening in the narrative?

Dharma, revered as a divine authority on righteousness, personally arranges/causes a sacrifice to be performed. After this, the individual attains supreme mental clarity through austerity, arriving at a settled understanding aligned with his wife’s disposition and with the ethical conclusion favoring non-violence.