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Shloka 35

Adhyāya 270 — Yudhiṣṭhira’s inquiry on saṃnyāsa; Bhīṣma on calculable time, tamas, and karma

Vṛtra–Uśanā exemplum begins

त्यक्त्वा मूलफलं सर्व पर्णाहारो$भवद्‌ द्विज: । पर्ण त्यक्त्वा जलाहार: पुनरासीद्‌ द्विजस्तदा,कुछ कालके बाद वह ब्राह्मण सारे फल-मूलका भोजन छोड़कर केवल पत्ते चबाकर रहने लगा। फिर पत्तेका भी त्याग करके केवल जल पीकर निर्वाह करने लगा। तत्पश्चात्‌ बहुत वर्षोतक वह केवल वायु पीकर रहा। फिर भी उसकी प्राणशक्ति क्षीण नहीं होती थी, यह एक अदभुत-सी बात थी

tyaktvā mūla-phalaṁ sarvaṁ parṇāhāro 'bhavad dvijaḥ | parṇaṁ tyaktvā jalāhāraḥ punar āsīd dvijas tadā |

కొంతకాలానంతరం ఆ ద్విజుడు సమస్త ఫలమూలాలను విడిచి కేవలం ఆకులనే ఆహారంగా చేసుకున్నాడు. తరువాత ఆకులనూ త్యజించి, మళ్లీ కేవలం నీటితోనే జీవించసాగాడు.

त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund), कर्तरि
मूलफलम्roots and fruits
मूलफलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमूलफल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सर्वम्entirely / all
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पर्णाहारःone whose food is leaves / leaf-eater
पर्णाहारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपर्णाहार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभवत्became
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
द्विजःthe brahmin (twice-born)
द्विजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पर्णम्leaf/leaves (as food)
पर्णम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपर्ण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund), कर्तरि
जलाहारःone whose food is water / water-drinker
जलाहारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजलाहार
पुनःagain / thereafter
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
आसीत्was / became
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
द्विजःthe brahmin
द्विजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तदाthen / at that time
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
D
dvija (a brahmin ascetic)

Educational Q&A

The verse illustrates progressive renunciation—reducing dependence on food from roots and fruits to leaves, then to water—showing how disciplined austerity (tapas) and self-control can strengthen inner steadiness and spiritual power rather than weaken it.

Bhishma describes a brahmin ascetic who intensifies his austerities step by step: first living on forest produce, then only leaves, then only water. The surrounding narration (as reflected in the given Hindi) continues that he later lives on air for years, yet his life-force does not decline, emphasizing the extraordinary potency attributed to sustained tapas.