Shloka 5

उन्हें वे सनातन लोक प्राप्त होते हैं, जहाँ शोक और दुःखका सर्वथा अभाव है तथा जहाँ रजोगुण (काम-क्रोध आदि) का दर्शन नहीं होता। उस परम गतिको पाकर उन्हें गाहस्थ्य-आश्रममें रहने और यहाँके धर्मोके पालन करनेकी क्‍या आवश्यकता रह जाती है? ।। स्यूमरश्मिर्वाच यद्येषा परमा काष्ठा यद्येषा परमा गति: । गृहस्थानव्यपश्रित्य नाश्रमो<न्यः प्रवर्तते,स्यूमरश्मिने कहा--ज्ञान प्राप्त करके परब्रह्ममें स्थित हो जाना ही यदि पुरुषार्थकी चरम सीमा है, यदि वही उत्तम गति है, तब तो गृहस्थ-धर्मका महत्त्व और भी बढ़ जाता है; क्योंकि गृहस्थोंका सहारा लिये बिना कोई भी आश्रम न तो चल सकता है और न तो ज्ञानकी निष्ठा ही प्रदान कर सकता है

syūmarśmir uvāca | yady eṣā paramā kāṣṭhā yady eṣā paramā gatiḥ | gṛhasthān vyapāśritya nāśramo 'nyaḥ pravartate ||

స్యూమరశ్మి అన్నాడు—జ్ఞానముచే పరబ్రహ్మంలో స్థితి పొందుటయే పరమ కాష్ఠ, పరమ గతి అయితే, గృహస్థధర్మ మహత్త్వం మరింత స్పష్టమగును. గృహస్థుల ఆశ్రయం లేక ఇతర ఆశ్రమములు సక్రమంగా నడవవు; జ్ఞాననిష్ఠకూడా స్థిరపడదు. పోషణ, రక్షణ, దానములచే గృహస్థుడే సమస్త ఆశ్రమాలకు ఆధారము.

स्यूमरश्मिःSūyumarśmi (name)
स्यूमरश्मिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्यूमरश्मि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
एषाthis (she/this [f.])
एषा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
परमाsupreme, highest
परमा:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
काष्ठाlimit, utmost point
काष्ठा:
TypeNoun
Rootकाष्ठा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
एषाthis (she/this [f.])
एषा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
परमाsupreme, highest
परमा:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
गतिःgoal, course, destiny
गतिः:
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
गृहस्थान्householders
गृहस्थान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगृहस्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
व्यपश्रित्यhaving depended on / resorted to
व्यपश्रित्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअप-श्रि
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), वि + अप, Parasmaipada (usage)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आश्रमःstage of life (āśrama)
आश्रमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अन्यःother
अन्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रवर्ततेfunctions, proceeds, is carried on
प्रवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-वृत्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Atmanepada

कपिल उवाच

S
Syūmarśmi
G
Gṛhastha (householder āśrama)
Ā
Āśrama (stages of life)
P
Paramā gati (supreme goal)
P
Paramā kāṣṭhā (highest culmination)

Educational Q&A

Even if liberation through knowledge is the highest aim, the gṛhastha-āśrama remains foundational because the other āśramas depend on householders for material and social support, enabling disciplined life and spiritual pursuit.

In a dialogue context within Śānti Parva, Syūmarśmi responds to the claim that the supreme goal is attained by knowledge and abiding in Brahman, arguing that this does not diminish householders; rather, it highlights their indispensable role in sustaining the entire āśrama order.