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Shloka 12

पापात्म-धर्मात्म-लक्षणम् तथा निर्वेदेन मोक्षमार्गः | Marks of the Sinful and the Righteous; Dispassion (Nirveda) as a Path to Liberation

स्त्रियं हत्वा मातरं च को हि जातु सुखी भवेत्‌ । पितरं चाप्यवज्ञाय कः प्रतिष्ठामवाप्रुयात्‌,“एक तो स्त्री-जाति, दूसरे माताका वध करके कौन पुत्र कभी भी सुखी हो सकता है? पिताकी अवहेलना करके भी कौन प्रतिष्ठा पा सकता है?

striyaṁ hatvā mātaraṁ ca ko hi jātu sukhī bhavet | pitaraṁ cāpy avajñāya kaḥ pratiṣṭhām avāpruyāt ||

అతడు అన్నాడు—“ఒక స్త్రీని, అదీ తన తల్లినే, హతమార్చి ఎవడు ఎప్పుడైనా సుఖంగా ఉండగలడు? అలాగే తండ్రిని అవమానించి ఎవడు ప్రతిష్ఠను పొందగలడు?”

स्त्रियम्a woman
स्त्रियम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
हत्वाhaving killed
हत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त्वा, Parasmaipada (usage), Absolutive (having killed)
मातरम्mother
मातरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कःwho?
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
जातुever (at any time)
जातु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootजातु
सुखीhappy
सुखी:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुखिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्would become / could be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormVidhi-linga (Optative), Present (modal), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पितरम्father
पितरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso / even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अवज्ञायhaving disrespected / disregarded
अवज्ञाय:
TypeVerb
Rootअवज्ञा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive, with ya-augment: -य), Parasmaipada (usage), Absolutive (having disrespected)
कःwho?
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रतिष्ठाम्standing / reputation / honor
प्रतिष्ठाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिष्ठा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अवाप्नुयात्would obtain / could attain
अवाप्नुयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअवाप् (अव + आप्)
FormVidhi-linga (Optative), Present (modal), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
M
mother
F
father
W
woman

Educational Q&A

Bhishma underscores a dharmic axiom: grave violence against a woman—especially one’s mother—and contempt toward one’s father destroy the foundations of inner happiness (sukha) and public legitimacy (pratiṣṭhā). Ethical life begins with reverence and non-injury toward those to whom one owes life and nurture.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and right conduct, Bhishma warns against extreme adharma within the family sphere. He frames the point as rhetorical questions: such acts inevitably block both personal well-being and social honour.