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Shloka 48

कपिलगोसंवादे गृहस्थ-त्यागधर्मयोः प्रमाण्यविचारः

Kapila–Cow Dialogue: Authority of Householder and Renunciant Dharmas

सागरानूपमाश्रित्य तपस्तप्तं त्वया महत्‌ । न च धर्मस्य संज्ञां त्वं पुरा वेत्थ कथंचन

sāgarānūpamāśritya tapastaptaṃ tvayā mahat | na ca dharmasya saṃjñāṃ tvaṃ purā vettha kathaṃcana ||

తూలాధారుడు అన్నాడు—సముద్రతీరంలాంటి ఏకాంతాన్ని ఆశ్రయించి నీవు మహత్తర తపస్సు చేశావు; కానీ పూర్వం ఏ విధంగానూ ధర్మం యొక్క నిజమైన అర్థం, లక్షణం నీకు తెలియలేదు.

सागरानूपम्like the ocean (vast as the sea)
सागरानूपम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसागरानूप (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आश्रित्यhaving resorted to / having taken refuge in
आश्रित्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-श्रि (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
तपःausterity, penance
तपः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तप्तम्performed (lit. heated/practised)
तप्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootतप् (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Accusative, Singular
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Form—, Instrumental, Singular
महत्great
महत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धर्मस्यof dharma / of righteousness
धर्मस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
संज्ञाम्the notion/definition, understanding
संज्ञाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंज्ञा (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Form—, Nominative, Singular
पुराformerly, earlier
पुरा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
वेत्थyou knew / you understood
वेत्थ:
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
कथंचनin any way, at all
कथंचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथंचन

तुलाधार उवाच

T
Tūladhāra
D
dharma
S
sāgara (ocean)

Educational Q&A

Austerity (tapas) by itself does not guarantee moral clarity. True dharma requires correct understanding and discernment, not merely severe practices or withdrawal.

Tūladhāra addresses his interlocutor, acknowledging the latter’s great ascetic effort in a secluded waterside setting, but rebuking him for previously lacking a genuine grasp of what dharma actually is.