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Shloka 8

Daṇḍa, Ahiṃsā, and Proportional Kingship: The Dyumatsena–Satyavān Dialogue (दण्ड-अहिंसा-विवेकः)

अन्ये कृतयुगे धर्मास्त्रितायां द्वापरे परे । अन्ये कलियुगे धर्मा यथाशक्ति कृता इव,सत्ययुगके धर्म कुछ और हैं, त्रेता और द्वापरके धर्म कुछ और ही हैं और कलियुगके धर्म कुछ और ही बताये गये हैं। मानो मुनियोंने लोगोंकी शक्तिके अनुसार ही धर्मकी व्यवस्था की है

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca |

anye kṛtayuge dharmās tritāyāṃ dvāpare pare |

anye kaliyuge dharmā yathāśakti kṛtā iva ||

యుధిష్ఠిరుడు అన్నాడు—కృతయుగంలోని ధర్మాలు వేరు; త్రేతా, ద్వాపర యుగాలలో ధర్మాలు వేరు; కలియుగానికి మరింత భిన్నమైన ధర్మాలు ఉపదేశించబడ్డాయి—మునులు ప్రజల సామర్థ్యాన్ని బట్టి ధర్మవ్యవస్థను ఏర్పాటు చేసినట్లుగా.

अन्येothers (different)
अन्ये:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कृतयुगेin the Kṛta-yuga
कृतयुगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकृतयुग
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
धर्माःduties/laws (dharmas)
धर्माः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
त्रितायाम्in the Tretā (yuga)
त्रितायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootत्रिता
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
द्वापरेin the Dvāpara (yuga)
द्वापरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्वापर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
परेin the other/next (yuga)
परे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अन्येothers (different)
अन्ये:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कलियुगेin the Kali-yuga
कलियुगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकलियुग
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
धर्माःduties/laws (dharmas)
धर्माः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यथाशक्तिaccording to (one's) ability
यथाशक्ति:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा + शक्ति
कृताःmade/ordained
कृताः:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त, Passive (past participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
इवas if/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
K
Kṛta-yuga (Satya-yuga)
T
Tretā-yuga
D
Dvāpara-yuga
K
Kali-yuga
M
muni (sages)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is presented as yuga-specific: the norms and practices appropriate in one age may differ in another, and sages frame these duties in line with human capacity (yathāśakti), emphasizing practicable righteousness rather than a single rigid standard for all times.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Yudhiṣṭhira raises a reflective question/observation: he notes that different yugas have different prescribed dharmas and infers that the sages designed these prescriptions to match the declining or varying abilities of people across ages.