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Shloka 7

Vānaprastha-vṛtti and the Transition toward the Fourth Āśrama (वानप्रस्थवृत्तिः चतुर्थाश्रमोपक्रमश्च)

यदि वा पुरुषव्याप्रो यदि वा क्लेशधारित: । तरत्येवं महादुर्ग जरामरणसागरम्‌,मनुष्य अत्यन्त दारुण हो या सम्पूर्ण वेदोंका ज्ञाता हो अथवा ब्राह्मण होकर भी वैदिक ज्ञानसे शून्य हो अथवा धर्मपरायण एवं यज्ञशील हो या घोर पापाचारी हो अथवा पुरुषोंमें सिंहके समान शूरवीर हो या बड़े कष्टसे जीवन धारण करता हो, वह यदि इन बारह योगोंका भलीभाँति साक्षात्कार अर्थात्‌ ज्ञान कर ले तो जरा-मृत्युके परम दुर्गम समुद्रसे पार हो जाता है

yadi vā puruṣavyāpro yadi vā kleśadhāritaḥ | taraty evaṁ mahādurgaṁ jarāmaraṇasāgaram ||

వ్యాసుడు చెప్పెను: అతడు పురుషులలో సింహసమాన వీరుడైనా, లేదా క్లేశాలలో జీవనాన్ని మోసేవాడైనా—ఈ విధంగా (ఈ ద్వాదశ యోగాల) సాక్షాత్ జ్ఞానం పొందితే, జరా-మరణమనే మహాదుర్గమ సాగరాన్ని దాటుతాడు.

यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
पुरुषव्याप्रःone engaged in manly exertion (active/energetic)
पुरुषव्याप्रः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरुषव्याप्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
क्लेशधारितःone who endures hardship
क्लेशधारितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्लेशधारित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तरतिcrosses over
तरति:
TypeVerb
Rootतॄ
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
एवम्thus/in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
महादुर्गम्very difficult (to cross)
महादुर्गम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहादुर्ग
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
जरामरणसागरम्the ocean of old age and death
जरामरणसागरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजरामरणसागर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa

Educational Q&A

Liberation is achieved by direct realization of the yogic disciplines (here summarized as ‘twelve yogas’), not by external markers such as social identity, ritual status, or even one’s previous life-condition; true knowledge of yoga enables one to cross the ocean of old age and death.

Vyāsa is instructing the listener in the Śānti Parva’s mokṣa-oriented discourse, stressing the universality of the path: regardless of whether one is actively engaged in life or enduring hardship, realization of the taught yogic knowledge leads beyond mortality.