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Shloka 30

Vānaprastha-vṛtti and the Transition toward the Fourth Āśrama (वानप्रस्थवृत्तिः चतुर्थाश्रमोपक्रमश्च)

प्रोक्त तद्‌ व्यक्तमित्येव जायते वर्धते च यत्‌ । जीर्यते प्रियते चैव चतुर्भिलक्षणैर्युतम्‌,जन्म, वृद्धि, जरा और मरण--इन चार लक्षणोंसे युक्त जो तत्त्व है, उसीको व्यक्त कहते हैं

prokta tad vyaktam ity eva jāyate vardhate ca yat | jīryate prīyate caiva caturbhir lakṣaṇair yutam ||

వ్యాసుడు పలికెను—జన్మించేది, వృద్ధి చెందేది, జీర్ణమయ్యేది, చివరికి మరణించేది—ఈ నాలుగు లక్షణాలతో యుక్తమైనదే ‘వ్యక్త’మని చెప్పబడింది.

प्रोक्तम्said, stated
प्रोक्तम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-वच् (क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
व्यक्तम्the manifest (principle)
व्यक्तम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्यक्त
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
जायतेis born, arises
जायते:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
वर्धतेgrows, increases
वर्धते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृध्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यत्which (that which)
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
जीर्यतेdecays, grows old
जीर्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootजॄ
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
प्रियतेperishes (is destroyed)
प्रियते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रि
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
चतुर्भिःwith four
चतुर्भिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
लक्षणैःby/with characteristics
लक्षणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootलक्षण
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
युतम्endowed, possessed
युतम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयुज् (क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa

Educational Q&A

The verse defines the ‘manifest’ (vyakta) as whatever is conditioned by the fourfold cycle of birth, growth, decay, and destruction. It directs the reader to recognize impermanence as a defining mark of all manifested phenomena.

In the didactic discourse of Śānti Parva, Vyāsa is explaining philosophical categories. Here he clarifies how to identify the manifest realm by its observable life-cycle, preparing the ground for contrasting it with what is unmanifest or beyond change.