Shloka 13

Gārhasthya-Śreṣṭhatā and Kṣatriya-Daṇḍadhāraṇa

Householder Primacy and the Royal Duty of Punishment

Devanagari script

एषां ज्यायस्तु कौन्तेय दण्डधारणमुच्यते । बल हि क्षत्रिये नित्यं बले दण्ड: समाहित:,कुन्तीनन्दन! इनमें भी दण्ड धारण करना राजाका प्रधान धर्म बताया जाता है; क्योंकि क्षत्रियमें बलकी नित्य स्थिति है और बलमें ही दण्ड प्रतिष्ठित होता है

Transliteration

eṣāṃ jyāyas tu kaunteya daṇḍadhāraṇam ucyate | bala hi kṣatriye nityaṃ bale daṇḍaḥ samāhitaḥ ||

Translation

కౌంతేయా! వీటిలో దండధారణమే శ్రేష్ఠ ధర్మమని చెప్పబడింది; ఎందుకంటే క్షత్రియునిలో బలం నిత్యంగా నిలిచి ఉంటుంది, ఆ బలంపైనే దండాధికారం స్థిరంగా ప్రతిష్ఠితమై ఉంటుంది.

Word by Word

• एषाम्: of these (among them)
• एषाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• ज्यायः: the better/superior (thing)
• ज्यायः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ज्यायस्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• कौन्तेय: O son of Kunti
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौन्तेय
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• दण्डधारणम्: bearing/holding the rod (punishment/authority)
• दण्डधारणम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्ड-धारण
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• उच्यते: is said/is called
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Present, Passive, Third, Singular

• बलम्: strength/power
• बलम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: बल
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• हि: for/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• क्षत्रिये: in a Kshatriya
• क्षत्रिये: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्रिय
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• नित्यम्: always/constantly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य

• बले: in strength
• बले: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: बल
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• दण्डः: the rod; punishment; authority
• दण्डः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्ड
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• समाहितः: is established/placed; is grounded
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-आ-धा (समाहित)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa
• Kaunteya (son of Kuntī)
• Kṣatriya
• Daṇḍa (royal punishment/rod of governance)