Shloka 21

नैर्गुण्याद्‌ ब्रह्म चाप्रोति सगुणत्वान्निवर्तते । गुणप्रचारिणी बुद्धिहुताशन इवेन्धने,जैसे अग्नि सूखे काठमें विचरण करती है, उसी प्रकार बुद्धि भी शब्द, स्पर्श आदि गुणोंमें विचरती रहती है। जब वह उन गुणोंका सम्बन्ध छोड़ देती है, तब निर्गुण होनेके कारण ब्रह्मको प्राप्त होती है और जबतक गुणोंमें आसक्त रहती है, तबतक गुणोंसे सम्बन्धित होनेके कारण ब्रह्मको न पाकर लौट आती है

Bhīṣma uvāca: nairguṇyād brahma cāpnoti saguṇatvān nivartate | guṇapracāriṇī buddhir hutāśana ivendhane ||

భీష్ముడు పలికెను— బుద్ధి గుణాలలో సంచరిస్తుంది; ఎండిన ఇంధనంలో అగ్ని సంచరించునట్లు. బుద్ధి గుణసంబంధాన్ని విడిచి నిర్గుణమైతే బ్రహ్మను పొందుతుంది; గుణాసక్తిగా సగుణంగా ఉన్నంతవరకు తిరిగి వచ్చి బ్రహ్మను పొందదు.

नैर्गुण्यात्from (the state of) attributelessness
नैर्गुण्यात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootनैर्गुण्य
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
ब्रह्मBrahman
ब्रह्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आप्नोतिattains
आप्नोति:
TypeVerb
Rootआप्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
सगुणत्वात्from (the state of) having qualities
सगुणत्वात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसगुणत्व
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
निवर्ततेreturns, turns back
निवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootनिवृत्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
गुणप्रचारिणीmoving/operating among qualities
गुणप्रचारिणी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगुणप्रचारिणी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
बुद्धिःintellect
बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
हुताशनःfire (the eater of offerings)
हुताशनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहुताशन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
इन्धनेin fuel (firewood)
इन्धने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootइन्धन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
Brahman
B
buddhi (intellect)
H
hutāśana (fire)
I
indhana (fuel/firewood)
Ś
śabda (sound)
S
sparśa (touch)

Educational Q&A

The intellect reaches Brahman only by becoming nirguṇa—disengaged from the guṇas and sense-objects. If it remains saguṇa, absorbed in sensory qualities (sound, touch, etc.), it cannot stabilize in the Absolute and therefore 'returns' to conditioned experience.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on liberation, Bhishma continues advising Yudhiṣṭhira on inner discipline. Here he uses a vivid metaphor—fire moving through dry wood—to explain how the intellect naturally ranges among sense-qualities, and how liberation requires severing that association.