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Shloka 44

Adhyāya 199: Karma–Jñāna Causality and the Nirguṇa Brahman

Manu’s Instruction

राजोवाच स्वशक्‍्त्याहं ददानीति त्वया पूर्वमुदाह्॒तम्‌ । याचे त्वां दीयतां महां जप्यस्यास्य फलं द्विज,राजाने कहा--्रह्मन! आपने मुझसे पहले कहा है कि “मैं अपनी शक्तिके अनुसार दान दूँगा! तो मैं आपसे यही माँगता हूँ कि आप अपने झपका फल मुझे दे दीजिये

brāhmaṇa uvāca | rājovāca svaśaktyāhaṁ dadānīti tvayā pūrvam udāhṛtam | yāce tvāṁ dīyatāṁ mahāṁ japyasyāsya phalaṁ dvija ||

రాజు అన్నాడు—ద్విజా! మీరు ముందుగా ‘నా శక్తి మేరకు నేను ఇస్తాను’ అని చెప్పారు. కాబట్టి నేను మిమ్మల్ని యాచిస్తున్నాను—ఈ జపఫలాన్ని నాకు దయచేయండి.

राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
स्वशक्त्याaccording to (my) own ability
स्वशक्त्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वशक्ति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
ददानिI give / I will give
ददानि:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormPresent, 1, Singular, Parasmaipada
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormInstrumental, Singular
पूर्वम्previously
पूर्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
उदाहृतम्was stated / was uttered
उदाहृतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-आ-हृ
FormPast Passive Participle, Neuter, Nominative, Singular
याचेI request / I beg
याचे:
TypeVerb
Rootयाच्
FormPresent, 1, Singular, Atmanepada
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
दीयताम्let it be given
दीयताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormImperative, 3, Singular, Passive
महाto me
महा:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative, Singular
जप्यस्यof (that) to-be-recited (japa)
जप्यस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootजप्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
अस्यof this
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
फलम्the fruit/result
फलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootफल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
द्विजO brahmin
द्विज:
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

ब्राह्मण उवाच

B
brāhmaṇa (Brahmin)
R
rājā (king)
J
japa (sacred recitation)

Educational Q&A

The verse probes the ethics of giving: if one claims to give according to capacity, the request tests whether spiritual merit (the fruit of japa) is also something one can ‘give’—raising questions about what is truly transferable and what constitutes genuine generosity.

In a dialogue between a Brahmin and a king, the king recalls the Brahmin’s earlier statement about giving according to ability and then asks the Brahmin to give him the fruit of his japa, effectively challenging the Brahmin’s claim and setting up a discussion on the nature of gifts and spiritual merit.