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Shloka 57

मनु-उपदेशः — भूत-उत्पत्ति, इन्द्रिय-निवृत्ति, तथा पर-स्वभाव-विवेकः

Manu’s Instruction on Elemental Origination, Sense-Withdrawal, and Discrimination of the Supreme Nature

त्रिवर्गो यस्य विदित: प्रेक्ष्य यश्चन विमुडचति । अन्विष्य मनसा युक्तस्तत्त्वदर्शी निरुत्सुक:,जिसे धर्म, अर्थ और काम--इन तीनोंका ठीक-ठीक ज्ञान है, जो खूब सोच-समझकर उनका परित्याग कर चुका है और जिसने मनके द्वारा आत्मतत्त्वका अनुसंधान करके योगयुक्त हो आत्मासे भिन्न वस्तुके लिये उत्सुकताका त्याग कर दिया है, वही तत्त्वदर्शी है

trivargo yasya viditaḥ prekṣya yaś ca na vimūḍhyati | anvīṣya manasā yuktaḥ tattvadarśī nirutsukaḥ ||

ధర్మం, అర్థం, కామం—ఈ త్రివర్గాన్ని యథార్థంగా తెలిసి, సమ్యక్‌ విచారించి వాటిచే మోహింపబడని వాడు; మనస్సుతో ఆత్మతత్త్వాన్ని అన్వేషించి యోగసంయమంతో ఆత్మేతర విషయాల పట్ల ఉన్న చంచల కోరికను విడిచిన వాడే తత్త్వదర్శి.

त्रिवर्गःthe triad (dharma-artha-kama)
त्रिवर्गः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootत्रिवर्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यस्यof whom/whose
यस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
विदितःknown/understood
विदितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
प्रेक्ष्यhaving examined/considered
प्रेक्ष्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootप्रेक्ष्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund)
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्विष्यhaving sought/investigated
अन्विष्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootअन्वेष्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund)
मनसाby the mind
मनसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
युक्तःyoked/steadied; disciplined (in yoga)
युक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयुज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
तत्त्वदर्शीseer of truth; one who perceives reality
तत्त्वदर्शी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतत्त्वदर्शिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निरुत्सुकःfree from longing/indifferent
निरुत्सुकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिरुत्सुक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
D
dharma
A
artha
K
kāma
Ā
ātman (Self)

Educational Q&A

True wisdom is not merely knowing dharma, artha, and kāma, but examining them without delusion and then turning inward: through disciplined inquiry into the Self, one becomes free from craving for non-Self objects and thus becomes a tattvadarśī (seer of reality).

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on peace and right living, Bhishma continues advising Yudhiṣṭhira by defining the marks of a genuine knower: one who understands worldly aims, is not confused by them, and pursues Self-knowledge with yogic discipline and detachment.