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Shloka 54

मनु-उपदेशः — भूत-उत्पत्ति, इन्द्रिय-निवृत्ति, तथा पर-स्वभाव-विवेकः

Manu’s Instruction on Elemental Origination, Sense-Withdrawal, and Discrimination of the Supreme Nature

महानद्या हि पारज्ञस्तप्यते न तदन्यथा । न तु तप्यति तत्त्वज्ञ: फले ज्ञाते तरत्युत,किसी महानदीके पारको जाननेवाला पुरुष केवल जाननेमात्रसे कृतकृत्य नहीं होता; जबतक वह नौका आदिके द्वारा वहाँ पहुँच न जाय, तबतक वह चिन्तासे संतप्त ही रहता है। परंतु तत्त्वज्ञ पुरुष ज्ञानमात्रसे ही संसार-सागरसे पार हो जाता है; उसे संताप नहीं होता। क्योंकि यह ज्ञान स्वयं ही पुलस्वरूप है

mahānadyā hi pārajñas tapyate na tad anyathā | na tu tapyati tattvajñaḥ phale jñāte taraty uta ||

మహానదికి దాటే చోటు తెలిసినంత మాత్రాన మనిషి కృతార్థుడు కాడు; పడవ మొదలైన వాటితో అవతలి తీరం చేరేవరకు అతడు ఆందోళనతో తపిస్తూనే ఉంటాడు. కానీ తత్త్వజ్ఞుడు జ్ఞానమాత్రంతోనే సంసారసాగరాన్ని దాటుతాడు; అతనికి దుఃఖతాపం ఉండదు, ఎందుకంటే ఆ జ్ఞానమే వంతెనవంటిది.

महानद्याःof a great river
महानद्याः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहानदी
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
पारज्ञःone who knows the far shore
पारज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपारज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तप्यतेis afflicted/tormented
तप्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootतप्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तत्that (is so)
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अन्यथाotherwise
अन्यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्यथा
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तुbut/however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तप्यतिis afflicted/tormented
तप्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootतप्
FormPresent, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
तत्त्वज्ञःknower of reality/truth
तत्त्वज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतत्त्वज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
फलेin/with regard to the result
फले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootफल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
ज्ञातेwhen known/once known
ज्ञाते:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Locative, Singular
तरतिcrosses
तरति:
TypeVerb
Rootतॄ
FormPresent, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
उतalso/indeed
उत:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
G
great river (mahānadyā)
B
boat/means of crossing (implied)

Educational Q&A

Mere conceptual information is not the same as attainment: knowing a route does not end anxiety until one actually crosses. In contrast, true knowledge (tattva-jñāna)—realization of reality—functions as the very means of liberation and carries one beyond saṃsāra, removing inner distress.

In Bhishma’s instruction during the Shanti Parva, he uses a practical simile: a person who only knows the ford of a vast river still suffers until he reaches the opposite bank. He then applies the image to spiritual life, asserting that the realized knower crosses the ‘ocean of the world’ through knowledge itself.