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Shloka 34

Adhyāya 166: Kṛtaghna-doṣa (कृतघ्नदोषः) — the fault of ingratitude and the limits of expiation

सुरापान ब्रह्म॒हत्या गुरुतल्पमथापि वा । अनिर्देश्यानि मन्यन्ते प्राणान्‍्तमिति धारणा

surāpāna-brahmahatyā guru-talpam athāpi vā | anirdeśyāni manyante prāṇāntam iti dhāraṇā ||

భీష్ముడు పలికెను—మద్యపానం, బ్రాహ్మణహత్య, గురుతల్పభంగం (అంటే గురుపత్నితో అనాచారం)—ఇవి సాధారణ ప్రాయశ్చిత్తంతో నిర్దేశించలేని మహాపాపాలుగా భావించబడతాయి. పండితుల అభిప్రాయం ప్రకారం, వీటికి ప్రాయశ్చిత్తం ప్రాణాంతమే—అంటే ఏ విధంగానైనా తన జీవితం ముగించుటనే.

{'surāpāna''drinking surā
{'surāpāna':
consumption of intoxicating liquor', 'brahmahatyā''killing of a brāhmaṇa
consumption of intoxicating liquor', 'brahmahatyā':
brahmin-slaying (a major sin)', 'guru-talpam''the guru’s bed
brahmin-slaying (a major sin)', 'guru-talpam':
euphemism for adultery with the teacher’s wife', 'athāpi vā''or even
euphemism for adultery with the teacher’s wife', 'athāpi vā':
and also', 'anirdeśyāni''not to be specified/prescribed
and also', 'anirdeśyāni':
beyond (ordinary) prescription', 'manyante''they consider
beyond (ordinary) prescription', 'manyante':
they hold (opinion)', 'prāṇāntam''the end of life
they hold (opinion)', 'prāṇāntam':
death', 'iti''thus
death', 'iti':
in this manner', 'dhāraṇā''view, conviction, doctrinal position'}
in this manner', 'dhāraṇā':

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
G
guru (teacher)
G
guru-patnī (teacher’s wife)
B
brāhmaṇa

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma classifies certain acts—liquor-drinking, brāhmaṇa-slaying, and violating the guru’s bed—as mahāpātakas so grave that ordinary ritual expiations are considered inadequate; some authorities therefore regard death (self-ending) as the only expiation.

In the Śānti Parva’s dharma-instruction, Bhīṣma is advising Yudhiṣṭhira on moral law and penance, explaining how traditional authorities evaluate the heaviest transgressions and what they deem to be their (non-)expiability.