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Shloka 15

Adhyāya 159 — Dāna–Dakṣiṇā, Āpaddharma Measures, and Prāyaścitta Classifications

स लोभ: सह मोहेन विजेतव्यो जितात्मना | दम्भो द्रोहश्च निन्‍्दा च पैशुन्यं मत्सरस्तथा

sa lobhaḥ saha mohena vijetavyo jitātmanā | dambho drohaś ca nindā ca paiśunyaṁ matsaras tathā ||

భీష్ముడు పలికెను—ఆత్మనిగ్రహం పొందినవాడు మోహంతో కూడిన లోభాన్ని జయించాలి; అలాగే దంభం, ద్రోహం, నింద, పైశున్యం (చాడీ/పరనింద) మరియు మత్సరం (ఈర్ష్య)లను కూడా జయించాలి.

सःhe/that (vice)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
लोभःgreed
लोभः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलोभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सहtogether with
सह:
Sahakari
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
मोहेनwith delusion
मोहेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमोह
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
विजेतव्यःis to be conquered/should be overcome
विजेतव्यः:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootवि + जि
FormGerundive (तव्यत्), Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive necessity
जितात्मनाby one who has conquered himself (self-controlled)
जितात्मना:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootजित-आत्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
दम्भःhypocrisy/ostentation
दम्भः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदम्भ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्रोहःtreachery/hostility
द्रोहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
निन्दाcensure/blame
निन्दा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिन्दा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पैशुन्यम्slander/backbiting
पैशुन्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपैशुन्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
मत्सरःenvy/jealousy
मत्सरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमत्सर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाlikewise/also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Self-mastery is presented as the means to defeat a cluster of inner vices—greed and delusion foremost, along with hypocrisy, malice, slander, backbiting, and envy—because these undermine righteous conduct and social harmony.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma after the war, Bhishma addresses the listener with ethical counsel, listing specific faults that a disciplined person must overcome as part of cultivating peace and right living.