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Shloka 1

अध्याय १५२: लोभः पापस्य मूलम् — Greed as the Root of Wrongdoing

ऑपन-- माल छा *्ःि ३. ये परिक्षित्‌ और जनमेजय अर्जुनके पौत्र और प्रपौत्र नहीं हैं। एकपज्चाशर्दाधकशततमो< ध्याय: ब्रह्महत्याके अपराधी जनमेजयका इन्द्रोत मुनिकी शरणमें जाना और इन्द्रोत मुनिका उससे ब्राह्मुणद्रोह न करनेकी प्रतिज्ञा कराकर उसे शरण देना भीष्म उवाच एवमुक्त: प्रत्युवाच तं॑ मुनिं जनमेजय: । गा भवान्‌ गर्हयते निन्द्य॑ निन्दति मां पुन:

bhīṣma uvāca | evam uktaḥ pratyuvāca taṁ muniṁ janamejayaḥ | kiṁ bhavān garhayate nindyaṁ nindati māṁ punaḥ ||

భీష్ముడు పలికెను—ఇట్లు చెప్పబడినపుడు జనమేజయుడు ఆ మునిని ప్రత్యుత్తరమిచ్చెను—“భగవన్! మీరు ఏ విషయాన్ని గర్హిస్తున్నారు? నింద్యమైన దానికై నన్ను మళ్లీ మళ్లీ ఎందుకు నిందిస్తున్నారు?”

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
उक्तःhaving been addressed / spoken to
उक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवच्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (kta)
प्रत्युवाचreplied
प्रत्युवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (प्रति+उप+√वच्)
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मुनिम्the sage
मुनिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
जनमेजयःJanamejaya
जनमेजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजनमेजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भवान्you (honorific)
भवान्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गर्हयतेcensures / reproaches
गर्हयते:
TypeVerb
Rootगर्ह्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
निन्द्यम्that which is blameworthy / to be blamed
निन्द्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिन्द्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular, Gerundive (ya)
निन्दतिblames / reviles
निन्दति:
TypeVerb
Rootनिन्द्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
J
Janamejaya
M
Muni (sage)

Educational Q&A

A ruler should not dismiss moral criticism; instead, he should ask for the ethical basis of reproach and be willing to reform. The verse highlights accountability and the duty to avoid blameworthy conduct, especially actions that violate dharma and respect toward sages and Brahmins.

After being admonished by a sage, Janamejaya responds with a pointed question: what exactly is being condemned, and why is he being censured again? This sets up the ensuing clarification of his fault and the dharmic guidance he must follow.