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Shloka 42

Daṇḍa as the Foundation of Social Order (दण्डप्रतिष्ठा)

न प्रेष्या वचन कुर्युर्न बाला जातु कर्हिचित्‌ | न तिछेद्‌ युवती धर्मे यदि दण्डो न पालयेत्‌,यदि दण्ड धर्म और कर्तव्यका पालन न करावे तो सेवक स्वामीकी बात न माने, बालक भी कभी माँ-बापकी आज्ञाका पालन न करें और युवती स्त्री भी अपने सतीधर्ममें स्थिर न रहे

na preṣyā vacanaṁ kuryur na bālā jātu karhicit | na tiṣṭhed yuvatī dharme yadi daṇḍo na pālayet ||

దండము (శాసనం) ధర్మం, కర్తవ్యాన్ని పాటింపజేయకపోతే, సేవకులు యజమాని మాట వినరు; పిల్లలు ఎప్పుడూ తల్లిదండ్రుల ఆజ్ఞను పాటించరు; యువతీ స్త్రీ కూడా తన ధర్మంలో స్థిరంగా ఉండదు.

nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
preṣyāḥservants
preṣyāḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootpreṣya
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
vacanamword, command
vacanam:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootvacana
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
kuryuḥwould do / should do
kuryuḥ:
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ
FormOptative, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
bālāḥchildren, youngsters
bālāḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootbāla
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
jātuever, at any time
jātu:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootjātu
karhicitat any time (ever)
karhicit:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkarhicit
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
tiṣṭhetwould stand / remain
tiṣṭhet:
TypeVerb
Rootsthā
FormOptative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
yuvatīa young woman
yuvatī:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootyuvatī
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
dharmein dharma / in duty
dharme:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootdharma
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
yadiif
yadi:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyadi
daṇḍaḥpunishment; authority; governance
daṇḍaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootdaṇḍa
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
pālayetwould protect/maintain/enforce
pālayet:
TypeVerb
Rootpāl
FormOptative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
S
servant (preṣya)
M
master (implied: svāmin)
C
children (bāla)
P
parents (implied)
Y
young woman (yuvatī)
D
daṇḍa (royal authority/punishment)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that dharma in society is sustained by daṇḍa—effective, consistent enforcement of rightful authority. Without it, obedience collapses across relationships (servant–master, child–parent, and household moral discipline), leading to disorder.

Within the Shanti Parva’s discussions on rājadharma (the duties of rule), the speaker presents a reasoning chain: if governance and punishment are not maintained, basic social bonds and duties fail. It is an argument for the necessity of disciplined administration to protect dharma.