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Shloka 56

Śaraṇāgata-Atithi-Dharma in the Kapota Narrative (कपोत-आख्यानम्—शरणागतधर्मः)

धर्म तवापि विप्रर्षे शुणु यत्‌ ते ब्रवीम्पहम्‌

dharmaṃ tavāpi viprarṣe śṛṇu yat te bravīmy aham | manīṣiṇaḥ puruṣā vadanti śvā śṛgālād api adhamaḥ | śuno 'pi śarīre tasya jaṅghā-bhāgaḥ sarvādhamo bhavati ||

ఓ విప్రర్షీ! నీకోసమూ నేను చెప్పే ధర్మవాక్యాన్ని విను. మేధావులు అంటారు—కుక్క నక్కకన్నా కూడా అధమం; కుక్క శరీరంలోనూ దాని తొడ భాగమే అత్యంత నిందనీయం.

धर्मम्dharma; righteous duty (as the topic/teaching)
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तवof you; for you
तव:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
अपिalso; even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
विप्रर्षेO brahmin-sage
विप्रर्षे:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootविप्रर्षि
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
शृणुhear; listen
शृणु:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
यत्what; that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Dative, Singular
ब्रवीमिI say; I tell
ब्रवीमि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormPresent, First, Singular, Parasmaipada
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
Form—, Nominative, Singular

घपच उवाच

घपच (Ghapaca)
विप्रर्षि (brahmin seer)
कुत्ता (dog)
सियार (jackal)

Educational Q&A

The speaker uses a graded comparison of baseness (dog vs. jackal, and a low part within the dog’s body) to stress that some behaviors and associations are considered especially degrading; dharma requires discernment and avoidance of what leads to moral and social disgrace.

In a didactic exchange within Śānti Parva, Ghapaca addresses a brahmin seer and frames his remarks as instruction in dharma, employing a stark proverbial image to make his ethical point forcefully.