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Shloka 25

Kośa, Bala, and Maryādā: Treasury, Capacity, and Enforceable Limits (कोश-बल-मर्यादा)

आपदगतेन धर्माणामन्यायेनोपजीवनम्‌ । अपि होतद्‌ ब्राह्माणेषु दृष्ट॑ वृत्तिपरिक्षये,जो आपत्तिमें पड़ा हो वह धर्मके विपरीत आचरणद्वारा जीवन-निर्वाह कर सकता है। जीविका क्षीण होनेपर ब्राह्मणोंमें ऐसा व्यवहार देखा गया है

āpadgatena dharmāṇām anyāyenopajīvanam | api hotad brāhmaṇeṣu dṛṣṭaṁ vṛttiparikṣaye ||

భీష్ముడు పలికెను—ఆపదలో పడినవాడు సాధారణ ధర్మ ప్రమాణాలకు విరుద్ధమైన మార్గాల ద్వారానైనా జీవననిర్వాహం చేసుకోవచ్చు. జీవిక క్షీణించినప్పుడు బ్రాహ్మణులలో కూడా ఇలాంటి ఆపద్ధర్మాచరణం కనిపించినదే।

आपद्गतेनby/with one who has fallen into calamity (i.e., in distress)
आपद्गतेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootआपद्गत
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
धर्माणाम्of duties/laws (dharmas)
धर्माणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अन्यायेनby injustice / by improper means
अन्यायेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअन्याय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
उपजीवनम्livelihood; subsistence
उपजीवनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउपजीवन
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अपिeven; also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
होतत्is/occurs (intended: bhavati)
होतत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, Indicative
ब्राह्मणेषुamong Brahmins
ब्राह्मणेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
दृष्टम्seen; observed
दृष्टम्:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
वृत्तिपरिक्षयेwhen livelihood is exhausted/declines
वृत्तिपरिक्षये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्तिपरिक्षय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
brāhmaṇas

Educational Q&A

In extreme distress (āpaddharma), preserving life can justify actions that would normally be considered contrary to dharma; ethical rules are applied with context, and emergency exceptions are acknowledged even for those held to high standards such as brāhmaṇas.

Bhīṣma, instructing on dharma in the Śānti Parva, explains to the listener that during times of calamity the strict norms of conduct may be relaxed, citing observed precedent among brāhmaṇas when their usual means of livelihood are exhausted.