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Shloka 25

त्रिवर्गमूलनिश्चयः — Determining the Roots of Dharma, Artha, and Kāma

Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 123

तस्माच्च धर्मचरणाजन्नीतिर्देवी सरस्वती । ससूजे दण्डनीतिं सा त्रिषु लोकेषु विश्रुता,उससे धर्माचरण होता देख नीतिस्वरूपा देवी सरस्वतीने दण्डनीतिकी रचना की जो तीनों लोकोंमें विख्यात है

tasmāc ca dharmacaraṇāj jan nītir devī sarasvatī | sasūje daṇḍanītiṃ sā triṣu lokeṣu viśrutā ||

అదే ధర్మాచరణను చూసి, నీతిస్వరూపిణి దేవి సరస్వతి త్రిలోకాల్లో ప్రసిద్ధమైన దండనీతి శాస్త్రాన్ని సృష్టించింది।

तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धर्म-चरणात्from the practice of dharma
धर्म-चरणात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मचरण
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
नीतिःpolicy/ethics (nīti)
नीतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनीति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
देवीthe goddess
देवी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सरस्वतीSarasvatī
सरस्वती:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसरस्वती
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
ससूजेcreated/produced
ससूजे:
TypeVerb
Rootसृज्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
दण्ड-नीतिम्the policy of punishment (daṇḍanīti)
दण्ड-नीतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदण्डनीति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
साshe
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
त्रिषुin three
त्रिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNumeral/Adjective
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
लोकेषुin the worlds
लोकेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
विश्रुताwell-known/famed
विश्रुता:
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्रुत
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

वसुहरोम उवाच

S
Sarasvatī
D
Daṇḍanīti
T
Three worlds (trailokya)

Educational Q&A

Daṇḍa (lawful punishment/authority) is presented as an ethical instrument grounded in dharma and guided by nīti (wise policy). Its legitimacy comes from protecting righteousness and maintaining order, not from arbitrary power.

Vasuharoma states that, upon observing dharma in practice, the goddess Sarasvatī manifested the doctrine of daṇḍanīti—principles of governance and punishment—so that order could be upheld across the three worlds.