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Shloka 43

Daṇḍa-svarūpa-nirūpaṇa

The Nature, Forms, and Function of Daṇḍa

सर्वान्‌ कामान्‌ कामयानो हि धीर: सत्त्वेनाल्‍पेनाप्रुते हीनदोष: । यश्षात्मान प्रार्थयते<र्थ्यमानै: श्रेय:पात्रं पूरयते च नाल्‍पम्‌

sarvān kāmān kāmayāno hi dhīraḥ sattvenālpenāprute hīna-doṣaḥ | yaś cātmānaṃ prārthayate 'rthyamānaiḥ śreyaḥ-pātraṃ pūrayate ca nālpam ||

భీష్ముడు పలికెను—సర్వ భోగాలను కోరుతున్నప్పటికీ, ధీరుడైన వివేకి స్వల్పమైన సత్త్వశుద్ధితోనైనా నిర్దోషుడై కలుషరహితుడై ఉంటే అతడు క్షీణించడు. అలాగే లోకార్థాల కోసం యాచించే వారిమధ్య ఉన్నప్పటికీ, తన ఆత్మశ్రేయస్సునే కోరుకుంటే, అతడు పుణ్య-కల్యాణ పాత్రను స్వల్పంగా కాదు, విస్తారంగా నింపుతాడు.

सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कामान्desires
कामान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कामयानःdesiring
कामयानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकामय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
धीरःthe wise man
धीरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सत्त्वेनby goodness/virtue
सत्त्वेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्व
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अल्पेनwith little
अल्पेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअल्प
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
आप्नुतेattains
आप्नुते:
TypeVerb
Rootआप् (आप्नोति)
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, 3, Singular
हीनदोषःone whose faults are diminished/absent
हीनदोषः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहीनदोष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आत्मानम्himself / the self
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रार्थयतेseeks/requests
प्रार्थयते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-अर्थय्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, 3, Singular
अर्थ्यमानैःby those who are requesting/entreating
अर्थ्यमानैः:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootअर्थ्यमान
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural, शानच् (present passive participle)
श्रेयःthe better good / welfare
श्रेयः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेयस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पात्रम्vessel; fit recipient
पात्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपात्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पूरयतेfills/satisfies
पूरयते:
TypeVerb
Rootपूरय्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, 3, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अल्पम्little
अल्पम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअल्प
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Desire by itself is not the final measure of a person; what matters is inner purity (sattva), freedom from corruption and faults, and a deliberate orientation toward śreyas (the higher good). Even amid worldly requests and pressures, the wise person who seeks the self’s true welfare accumulates abundant merit and well-being.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and right conduct, Bhishma continues advising Yudhishthira. Here he characterizes the dhīra (steadfast wise person): even if such a person moves among worldly desires and petitioners, his untainted nature and pursuit of śreyas make him a source and receptacle of great good rather than moral decline.