Shloka 3

किंस्वित्‌ सत्यं किमनृतं किंस्विद्‌ धर्म्य सनातनम्‌ । कस्मिन्‌ काले वदेत्‌ सत्यं कस्मिन्‌ कालेडनृतं वदेत्‌,क्या सत्य है और क्या झूठ? तथा कौन-सा कार्य सनातन धर्मके अनुकूल है? किस समय सत्य बोलना चाहिये और किस समय झूठ?

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | kiṃsvit satyaṃ kim anṛtaṃ kiṃsvid dharmyaṃ sanātanam | kasmin kāle vadet satyaṃ kasmin kāle 'nṛtaṃ vadet |

యుధిష్ఠిరుడు అన్నాడు— నిజంగా సత్యం ఏమిటి, అసత్యం ఏమిటి? సనాతన ధర్మానికి అనుగుణమైన ఆచారం ఏది? ఏ సమయంలో సత్యం పలకాలి, ఏ సమయంలో అసత్యం పలకాలి?

किम्what
किम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
स्वित्indeed / I wonder (interrogative particle)
स्वित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वित्
सत्यम्truth
सत्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
Formneuter, nominative, singular
किम्what
किम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
अनृतम्untruth / falsehood
अनृतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनृत
Formneuter, nominative, singular
किम्what
किम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
स्वित्indeed / I wonder (interrogative particle)
स्वित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वित्
धर्म्यम्righteous / in accordance with dharma
धर्म्यम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्म्य
Formneuter, nominative, singular
सनातनम्eternal / perennial
सनातनम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसनातन
Formneuter, nominative, singular
कस्मिन्in which
कस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formmasculine/neuter, locative, singular
कालेtime
काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
Formmasculine, locative, singular
वदेत्should speak
वदेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
Formoptative (vidhiling), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
सत्यम्truth
सत्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
Formneuter, accusative, singular
कस्मिन्in which
कस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formmasculine/neuter, locative, singular
कालेtime
काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
Formmasculine, locative, singular
अनृतम्untruth / falsehood
अनृतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनृत
Formneuter, accusative, singular
वदेत्should speak
वदेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
Formoptative (vidhiling), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a central dharma-question: truthfulness is a high virtue, yet ethical life requires discernment about context—what counts as ‘truth’ and when speech (even if factually untrue) might be weighed against higher duties such as preventing harm and upholding dharma.

In Śānti Parva, Yudhiṣṭhira—seeking guidance after the war—asks an elder authority to clarify the nature of truth, falsehood, and eternal dharma, and to explain the circumstances in which one should speak truth or, exceptionally, speak untruth.