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Shloka 42

मृदु-तीक्ष्ण-नीति तथा दुष्टलक्षण-विज्ञानम्

Measured Policy and the Recognition of Malicious Disposition

पुरापि चैषामनुसृत्य भूमिपा: पुरेषु भोगानखिलान्‌ जयन्ति । पुरेषु नीति विहितां यथाविधि प्रयोजयन्तो बलवृत्रसूदन

bhīṣma uvāca |

purāpi caiṣām anusṛtya bhūmipāḥ pureṣu bhogān akhilān jayanti |

pureṣu nītiṁ vihitāṁ yathāvidhi prayojayanto balavṛtrasūdana ||

బలవంతుడవైన, వృత్రాసుర సంహారకుడవైన ఇంద్రా! పూర్వకాలంలో కూడా భూమిని పాలించిన రాజులు ఇదే మార్గాన్ని అనుసరించారు. వారు శత్రు నగరాలలో ప్రవేశించి, విధిపూర్వకంగా స్థాపితమైన నీతిని యథావిధిగా ప్రయోగించారు. ఈ విధంగా పరిస్థితికి తగిన క్రమబద్ధమైన రాజనీతిని అమలు చేసి, శత్రు రాజధానిలోని సమస్త భోగాలు మరియు వనరులపై అధికారం సంపాదించారు।

पुराformerly, in olden times
पुरा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एषाम्of these (people/enemies)
एषाम्:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, plural
अनुसृत्यhaving followed, having pursued
अनुसृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-√सृ (सरणे)
Formabsolutive (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), active
भूमिपाःkings, rulers (protectors of the earth)
भूमिपाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि + पा
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
पुरेषुin the cities/forts
पुरेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपुर
Formneuter, locative, plural
भोगान्enjoyments, pleasures, possessions
भोगान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभोग
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
अखिलान्all, entire
अखिलान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअखिल
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
जयन्तिthey win, they conquer, they obtain
जयन्ति:
TypeVerb
Root√जि (जये)
Formpresent, indicative, parasmaipada, third, plural
पुरेषुin the cities/forts
पुरेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपुर
Formneuter, locative, plural
नीतिम्policy, statecraft, conduct
नीतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनीति
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
विहिताम्prescribed, laid down, duly arranged
विहिताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-√धा (विधाने) → विहित
Formpast passive participle (क्त), feminine, accusative, singular
यथाas, according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
विधिrule, proper procedure (duly)
विधि:
TypeNoun
Rootविधि
Formmasculine, accusative (adverbial use), singular
प्रयोजयन्तःemploying, applying, putting into practice
प्रयोजयन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√युज् (योजने) → प्रयोजयत्
Formpresent active participle (शतृ), masculine, nominative, plural
बलवृत्रसूदनO slayer of Bala and Vṛtra (Indra)
बलवृत्रसूदन:
TypeNoun
Rootबल + वृत्र + सूदन
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
I
Indra
V
Vṛtra (Vṛtrāsura)
B
bhūmipāḥ (kings/rulers)
P
pura (cities/capitals)

Educational Q&A

Victory and lasting control are achieved not only by force but by disciplined, rule-based application of nīti (statecraft). A ruler should implement proper policy in conquered or contested cities so that order, compliance, and prosperity follow.

Bhīṣma, instructing on rājadharma in the Śānti Parva, cites an established precedent: earlier kings would enter enemy cities and apply duly prescribed policy and administration; by such methodical governance they would secure the capital’s resources and enjoyments.