Shloka 57
Duryodhana’s Post-Duel Lament and Instructions (भग्नसक्थस्य विलापः)
Devanagari script
हिया च परया5<विष्टो भवन्तं नाधिगच्छति
Transliteration
hriyā ca parayāviṣṭo bhavantaṃ nādhigacchati
Translation
అతిశయ లజ్జా, సంకోచంతో కమ్మబడినవాడై అతడు మీ వద్దకు రాడు.
Word by Word
हियाby (his) mind/understanding
हिया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootही
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
परयाby the highest/supreme (intellect)
परया:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootपरा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
आविष्टःpossessed/overcome (by)
आविष्टः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ√विश्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
भवन्तम्you (honorific)
भवन्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
अधिगच्छतिattains/reaches/understands
अधिगच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootअधि√गम्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
Vaiśampāyana (speaker)B
bhavantam (honorific 'you'—addressee unspecified in this pāda)Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse points to hrī (modest shame) as a powerful ethical emotion: it can restrain wrongdoing and preserve dignity, yet it can also inhibit necessary communication or action when one feels overwhelmed by embarrassment.
Vaiśampāyana describes someone who, seized by intense shame, does not go near the addressed person ('you'). It functions as a narrative explanation for a character’s hesitation or failure to approach and speak in a tense context.