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Shloka 55

Duryodhana’s Post-Duel Lament and Instructions (भग्नसक्थस्य विलापः)

एतच्च कदन कृत्वा शत्रूणामपकारिणाम्‌

etac ca kadanaṃ kṛtvā śatrūṇām apakāriṇām

ముందుగా అపకారం చేసిన శత్రువులపై ఈ విధ్వంసక కృత్యం చేసి వైశంపాయనుడు ఇలా కొనసాగించాడు—యుద్ధధర్మపు క్రూర నియమంలో ఇది కరుణ వల్ల కాదు; వైరం, గాయం వల్ల పుట్టిన ప్రతీకార చర్య.

एतत्this (deed/act)
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कदनम्slaughter; destruction
कदनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकदन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कृत्वाhaving done; having made
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
शत्रूणाम्of (the) enemies
शत्रूणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अपकारिणाम्of the harm-doers; of those who do injury
अपकारिणाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअपकारिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
E
enemies (śatravaḥ)

Educational Q&A

The line highlights the war-ethic of retaliation: enemies are characterized as 'harm-doers,' and the ensuing destruction is presented as a response to injury. It implicitly raises the Mahābhārata’s recurring tension between necessary martial duty and the moral cost of violence.

Vaiśampāyana, as narrator, marks that a destructive action—slaughtering or cutting down hostile opponents—has been carried out, and he proceeds from that completed act to the next development in the battle narrative.