Shloka 59

Devanagari script

अमर्षाद्‌ भरतश्रेष्ठ पुत्रस्ते समकुप्यत । उत्थाय तु महाबाहुर्महानाग इव श्वसन्‌

Transliteration

amarṣād bharataśreṣṭha putras te samakupyata | utthāya tu mahābāhur mahānāga iva śvasan ||

Translation

సంజయుడు పలికెను— భరతశ్రేష్ఠా! అసహ్యమైన కోపంతో నీ కుమారుడు తీవ్రంగా కుపితుడయ్యెను। ఆ మహాబాహుడు లేచి నిలబడి, మహాగజంలా బలంగా శ్వాసించెను।

Word by Word

अमर्षात्from anger / out of indignation

भरतश्रेष्ठO best of the Bharatas

पुत्रःson

तेyour

समकुप्यतbecame very angry

उत्थायhaving risen / rising up

तुbut / indeed

महाबाहुःthe mighty-armed (one)

महानागःa great elephant

इवlike / as if

श्वसन्breathing hard / panting

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Duryodhana

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how amarṣa (resentful intolerance) quickly hardens into krodha (anger), which drives impulsive action. In the Mahābhārata’s ethical frame, such anger is a sign of inner imbalance and a catalyst for further adharma in the chaos of war.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Duryodhana, provoked and unable to bear the situation, rises in fury. His heavy, elephant-like breathing conveys mounting rage and readiness to act, signaling an escalation in the battlefield drama.