Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 156

अध्याय ३: कृपस्य दुर्योधनं प्रति नीत्युपदेशः

Kṛpa’s Counsel to Duryodhana

दुर्योधनो5थ स्वं सूतं हा हा कृत्वैवमब्रवीत्‌ । भीमसेनके भयसे पीड़ित हुए समस्त सैनिकोंको भागते देख दुर्योधनने “हाय-हाय!! करके अपने सारथिसे इस प्रकार कहा--

duryodhano 'tha svaṃ sūtaṃ hā hā kṛtvaivam abravīt | bhīmasenake bhayase pīḍitāḥ samastāḥ sainikāḥ palāyamānān dṛṣṭvā duryodhanena “hā-hā” iti kṛtvā sva-sārathim prati evam uktam |

సంజయుడు పలికెను—అప్పుడు దుర్యోధనుడు ‘హా హా’ అని విలపిస్తూ తన సారథితో ఈ విధంగా అన్నాడు. భీమసేన భయంతో పీడితమైన సమస్త సైన్యం పారిపోతుండటం చూసి అతడు శోకాక్రాంతుడయ్యాడు।

दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अथthen/now
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
स्वम्his own
स्वम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सूतम्charioteer
सूतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हाalas!
हा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहा
हाalas!
हा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहा
कृत्वाhaving done/uttering (thus)
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active
एवम्thus/in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
अब्रवीत्said/spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Duryodhana
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
S
Sūta (charioteer)
S
Sārathi (charioteer)
K
Kaurava soldiers/army

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how fear can rapidly dissolve collective discipline in war, and how a leader’s reaction—lamenting rather than steadying the ranks—signals moral and psychological strain. It implicitly contrasts steadfastness (dhairya) with panic, a key ethical pressure-point in kṣatriya conduct.

Sañjaya reports that Duryodhana sees his soldiers fleeing, overwhelmed by fear of Bhīma. In distress he cries “hā hā” and turns to his charioteer, beginning a speech prompted by the army’s collapse in morale.