Shloka 46
शल्यपरिघातः (Śalya Under Encirclement) — Mahābhārata, Śalya-parva, Adhyāya 12
Devanagari script
हत विध्यत गृह्नीत प्रहरध्वं निकृन्तत
Transliteration
hata vidhyata gṛhṇīta praharadhvaṃ nikṛntata
Translation
సంజయుడు పలికెను—“చంపుడి, ఛేదించుడి, పట్టుకొనుడి, ప్రహరించుడి, నరికివేయుడి।”
Word by Word
हतslay (him)/having slain; the slain (object implied)
हत:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु) → हत (कृदन्त)
Formकृदन्त: क्त-प्रत्यय (past passive participle), प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (नपुंसकलिङ्ग) — आज्ञार्थक-भावे (imperatival usage)
विध्यतpierce (you all)!
विध्यत:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootव्यध् (विध्यति)
Formलोट् (आज्ञार्थ), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, बहुवचन
गृह्णीतseize/take (you all)!
गृह्णीत:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह् (गृह्णाति)
Formलोट् (आज्ञार्थ), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, बहुवचन
प्रहरध्वम्strike/attack (you all)!
प्रहरध्वम्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-हृ (प्रहरति)
Formलोट् (आज्ञार्थ), आत्मनेपद, मध्यमपुरुष, बहुवचन
निकृन्ततcut down/hew (you all)!
निकृन्तत:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनि-कृत् (निकृन्तति)
Formलोट् (आज्ञार्थ), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, बहुवचन
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaCharacter Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse conveys the uncompromising urgency of battlefield action: commands to attack, capture, and destroy. Ethically, it highlights how war compresses moral choice into the immediate demands of a kṣatriya-style conflict situation, where decisive action is prized.
Sañjaya, as the war-reporter to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, relays the intensity of the fighting by quoting or summarizing a martial exhortation—rapid-fire imperatives urging the warriors to strike, wound, seize, and cut down opponents.