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Shloka 48

अध्याय १ — न्यग्रोधवनोपवेशनम् तथा द्रौणिनिश्चयः

Night at the Banyan and Drauṇi’s Resolve

पतड्डग्निसमां वृत्तिमास्थायात्मविनाशिनीम्‌ । न्यायतो युध्यमानस्य प्राणत्यागो न संशय:

pataṅgāgnisamāṁ vṛttim āsthāyātmavināśinīm | nyāyato yudhyamānasya prāṇatyāgo na saṁśayaḥ ||

చిమ్మట అగ్నిలో దూకినట్లుగా—ఆత్మవినాశకమైన మార్గాన్ని ఆశ్రయిస్తే—సందేహం లేదు: నేను న్యాయానుసారం, యుద్ధధర్మం ప్రకారం యుద్ధం చేస్తే ప్రాణత్యాగం చేయవలసిందే।

पतङ्गof moths/insects
पतङ्ग:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपतङ्ग
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अग्निin fire
अग्नि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
समाम्similar
समाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसम
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वृत्तिम्course/way of conduct
वृत्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
आस्थायhaving resorted to/undertaken
आस्थाय:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootआ-स्था (स्था)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
आत्मof oneself
आत्म:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
विनाशिनीम्destroying (one's own)
विनाशिनीम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविनाशिनी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
न्यायतःaccording to justice/rightly
न्यायतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन्याय
Formablative adverb (-तः)
युध्यमानस्यof (one) fighting
युध्यमानस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
प्राणof life/breath
प्राण:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
त्यागःabandonment/giving up
त्यागः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootत्याग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संशयःdoubt
संशयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical tension between a destructive resolve and righteous conduct: choosing to fight by nyāya (justice and proper rules) may demand the ultimate personal cost, yet it is presented as morally certain and binding.

A speaker reflects that the path he has taken is like a moth rushing into fire—self-ruinous—and concludes that if he adheres to fair, rule-bound combat, his death is inevitable.