Shloka 20

कर्णस्य सेनापत्यं, माकरव्यूहः, पाण्डवानामर्धचन्द्रव्यूहः

Karna’s Command; Mākara Formation; Pandava Crescent Counter-Array

Devanagari script

वीर: श्रुतायुश्व धृतायुधश्न चित्राड्रदश्षित्रसेनक्ष॒ वीर:

Transliteration

vīraḥ śrutāyuś ca dhṛtāyudhaś ca citrāṅgadaś citrasenaś ca vīraḥ

Translation

వీరుడు శ్రుతాయువు, మహాబలుడు ధృతాయుధుడు, అలాగే వీరులు చిత్రాంగదుడు, చిత్రసేనుడు—ఈ ప్రసిద్ధ యోధులూ అక్కడ సమరంలో ఉన్నారు.

Word by Word

वीराःheroes, brave warriors

श्रुतायुःŚrutāyu (a warrior's name)

चand

धृतायुधःDhṛtāyudha (lit. 'he whose weapon is held/ready'; a warrior's name)

चित्रसेनःCitrāsena (lit. 'having a splendid army'; a name)

वीराःheroes, brave warriors

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Śrutāyu

Dhṛtāyudha

Citrāṅgada

Citrasena

Sañjaya

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse primarily functions as a martial catalogue: it highlights the presence of renowned warriors, underscoring the epic’s emphasis on kṣatriya valor and the grave scale of the conflict rather than offering a direct moral injunction.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya is reporting to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, naming notable heroes—Śrutāyu, Dhṛtāyudha, Citrāṅgada, and Citrasena—as part of the battle account in the Karṇa Parva.