Shloka 30

तस्मिन्‌ हते महाराज त्रस्तास्तस्य पुरोगमा: । गौतम समरे त्यक्त्वा दुद्रुवुस्ते दिशो दश,महाराज! सुकेतुके मारे जानेपर उसके अग्रगामी सैनिक भयभीत हो समरांगणमें कृपाचार्यको छोड़कर दसों दिशाओंकी ओर भाग निकले

tasmin hate mahārāja trastās tasya purogamāḥ | gautamaṃ samare tyaktvā dudruvus te diśo daśa ||

మహారాజా! అతడు హతుడైన వెంటనే ముందువరుసలో సాగుతున్న సైన్యం భయంతో కలవరపడింది. యుద్ధభూమిలో గౌతముడు (కృపాచార్యుడు)ను విడిచి వారు పది దిశలకూ పారిపోయారు.

तस्मिन्in him/therein
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
हतेwhen (he was) slain
हते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootहन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Locative, Singular
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
त्रस्ताःfrightened
त्रस्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रस्
Formक्त (past passive participle, used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
तस्यof him
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
पुरोगमाःthe vanguard/foremost followers
पुरोगमाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरोगम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
गौतमO Gautama (Kripa)
गौतम:
TypeNoun
Rootगौतम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
दुद्रुवुःthey fled/ran
दुद्रुवुः:
TypeVerb
Rootद्रु
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दिशःdirections
दिशः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिश्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
दशten
दश:
TypeAdjective
Rootदशन्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address mahārāja)
G
Gautama (Kṛpācārya)
V
vanguard troops (purogamāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how quickly morale collapses in war when a key figure falls: fear spreads, discipline breaks, and even respected leaders may be deserted. Implicitly it contrasts the ideal of steadfast kṣatriya conduct with the reality of panic-driven flight.

Sañjaya reports to the king that after a warrior was killed, the soldiers who had been leading the advance became terrified. They left Kṛpācārya (called Gautama) on the battlefield and scattered, fleeing in every direction.