Shloka 8

कर्णस्य दानप्रतिज्ञा–शल्योपदेश–वाक्ययुद्धम्

Karna’s Gift-Vows, Shalya’s Counsel, and the Battle of Words

Devanagari script

तं तु कृच्छूगतं दृष्टवा कर्णद्रीणिकृपादय:

Transliteration

taṁ tu kṛcchūgataṁ dṛṣṭvā karṇadrīṇikṛpādayaḥ

Translation

అతడు ఘోర సంకటంలో పడినట్లు చూసి కర్ణుడు, ద్రౌణి, కృపుడు మొదలైనవారు అతని వైపు దృష్టి మళ్లించారు।

Word by Word

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• कृच्छ्र-उगतम्: fallen into distress / in dire straits
• कृच्छ्र-उगतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृच्छ्र-उगत
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: Absolutive (त्वा-प्रत्यय), Parasmaipada (usage)

• कर्ण-द्रोणि-कृप-आदयः: Karna, Drona, Kripa and others
• कर्ण-द्रोणि-कृप-आदयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्ण + द्रोणि + कृप + आदि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Karna
• Dṛṇika
• Kṛpa

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the kṣatriya-world ethic of responding to a comrade’s peril: when someone is seen in distress, allies and elders are expected to act promptly, guided by duty and solidarity amid war.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that a particular warrior has come into a difficult, dangerous situation; noticing this, Karṇa, Kṛpa, Dṛṇika, and others react—setting up their intervention or next battlefield move in the surrounding verses.