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Shloka 57

द्रोणपुत्रस्याग्नेयास्त्रप्रयोगः — अर्जुनस्य ब्राह्मास्त्रप्रतिघातः — व्यासोपदेशः

Aśvatthāmā’s Agneyāstra, Arjuna’s Brāhmāstra Counter, and Vyāsa’s Instruction

प्रयतामो महाराज निहन्तुं वृष्णिपार्षतौ । 'राजेन्द्र! अत: हमलोग सुभद्राकुमार अभिमन्युके समान वृष्णिवंश तथा पार्षतकुलके इन दोनों महारथी वीरोंको सब ओरसे घेरकर मार डालनेका प्रयत्न करें ।। सव्यसाची पुरो<भ्येति द्रोणानीकाय भारत

prayatāmo mahārāja nihantuṁ vṛṣṇipārṣatau | savyasācī puro 'bhyeti droṇānīkāya bhārata ||

సంజయుడు అన్నాడు—“మహారాజా, వృష్ణి మరియు పార్షత వంశాల ఆ ఇద్దరు వీరులను సంహరించేందుకు మనం ప్రయత్నిద్దాం. ఓ భారతా, సవ్యసాచి అర్జునుడు ఇప్పుడు ద్రోణుని వ్యూహంపై ముందుభాగానికి దూసుకుపోతున్నాడు.”

प्रयतामःlet us strive / let us make effort
प्रयतामः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-यत् (धातु)
Formलोट् (imperative), 1, plural, परस्मैपद
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
निहन्तुम्to slay
निहन्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-हन् (धातु)
Formtumun (infinitive)
वृष्णिof the Vrishni (clan)
वृष्णि:
TypeNoun
Rootवृष्णि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
पार्षतौthe two Parshatas (sons of Prishata; here: Dhrishtadyumna and Shikhandin)
पार्षतौ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपार्षत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, accusative, dual
सव्यसाचीSavyasachi (Arjuna; the ambidextrous archer)
सव्यसाची:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसव्यसाचिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
पुरःin front / ahead
पुरः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरस् (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक-निपात)
अभ्येतिapproaches / advances
अभ्येति:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-इ (धातु)
Formलट् (present), 3, singular, परस्मैपद
द्रोणof Drona
द्रोण:
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
अनीकायtowards/for the army (battle-array)
अनीकाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootअनीक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, dative, singular
भारतO Bharata (descendant of Bharata)
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Mahārāja)
A
Arjuna (Savyasācī)
D
Droṇa
V
Vṛṣṇis
P
Pārṣatas

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the tension between martial duty and ethical strain in war: leaders speak in terms of collective resolve (“let us strive”) and tactical objectives (encirclement and killing), while the narrative simultaneously signals a turning point—Arjuna’s forward advance—showing how individual prowess and strategic intent drive the conflict’s moral and practical stakes.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the Kaurava side is intent on killing two prominent warriors associated with the Vṛṣṇis and the Pārṣatas, and that Arjuna (Savyasācī) is moving to the front to engage Droṇa’s forces, indicating an escalation around Droṇa’s battle-array.