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Shloka 15

Droṇavadha-saṃniveśaḥ — The Convergence Toward Droṇa’s Fall

Book 7, Chapter 164

ततो युधि महाराज सोमदत्तो महारथ: । अर्धचन्द्रेण चिच्छेद माधवस्य महद्‌ धनु:,महाराज! तदनन्तर युद्धस्थलमें महारथी सोमदत्तने अर्धचन्द्राकार बाणसे सात्यकिके विशाल धनुषको काट दिया

tato yudhi mahārāja somadatto mahārathaḥ | ardhacandreṇa ciccheda mādhavasya mahad dhanuḥ ||

మహారాజా! ఆపై యుద్ధరంగంలో మహారథి సోమదత్తుడు అర్ధచంద్రాకార బాణంతో మాధవుని మహత్తర ధనుస్సును కోసివేశాడు.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
Formअव्यय
युधिin battle
युधि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुध् (स्त्री)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज (पुं)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
सोमदत्तःSomadatta
सोमदत्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसोमदत्त (पुं)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
महारथःthe great chariot-warrior
महारथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ (पुं)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
अर्धचन्द्रेणwith a crescent(-shaped arrow)
अर्धचन्द्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्धचन्द्र (पुं)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
चिच्छेदcut, severed
चिच्छेद:
TypeVerb
Rootछिद् (धातु)
Formलिट् (परस्मैपद), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
माधवस्यof Mādhava (Krishna)
माधवस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootमाधव (पुं)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
महत्great, large
महत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत् (विशेषण)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
धनुःbow
धनुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस् (नपुं)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
S
Somadatta
M
Mādhava (Kṛṣṇa epithet)
B
bow (dhanuḥ)
C
crescent-headed arrow (ardhacandra)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the volatility of battle: prowess and preparedness can be abruptly challenged by an opponent’s precision. Ethically, it reflects the kṣatriya arena where duty demands composure and continued effort even when one’s weapons or advantages are suddenly lost.

During the fighting, Somadatta, described as a mahāratha, strikes with an ardhacandra (crescent-headed) arrow and cuts down Mādhava’s great bow, a tactical move meant to disarm and gain advantage on the battlefield.