Shloka 30

अर्जुनस्य गुरुधर्मविलापः तथा शैनेयकर्णयोर्युद्धारम्भः | Arjuna’s Lament on Guru-Dharma and the Opening of the Sātyaki–Karṇa Duel

Devanagari script

अत्यर्जुनं शिने: पौत्रो युध्यते पुरुषर्षभ:

Transliteration

atyarjunaṃ śineḥ pautro yudhyate puruṣarṣabhaḥ

Translation

సంజయుడు పలికెను—శినికి మనవడు, పురుషోత్తముడు సాత్యకి యుద్ధరంగంలో అర్జునుని ఎదుర్కొని నేరుగా సమరానికి దిగెను; ఆ ఘోర సంగ్రామంలో ఇద్దరు మహావీరుల పోటీ పరాకాష్ఠకు చేరెను।

Word by Word

अतिexcessively, greatly

अर्जुनम्Arjuna (as object)

शिनेःof Shini

पौत्रःgrandson/descendant

युध्यतेfights

पुरुषर्षभःbull among men; best of men

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Arjuna

Śini

Śini’s grandson (Sātyaki)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Cross References

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the kṣatriya ideal of confronting worthy opponents with courage and skill. Even among allies and kin-networks, the battlefield demands steadfastness to one’s role and discipline, where excellence is measured by valor and restraint rather than hatred.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Śini’s grandson—understood here as Sātyaki—engages Arjuna in direct combat. The line marks an intense clash of eminent warriors within the larger turmoil of Droṇa Parva’s battles.